摘要

       雨水污染会威胁水生生态系统的健康，以及通过营养物质和病原体流入而暴露于径流中的人类。在这项研究中，在美国佛罗里达州坦帕湾的干湿天气期间，使用高通量微流控 qPCR (MFQPCR) 测定了 11 种细菌病原体和 47 种抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的浓度。 .本研究中产生的数据还与最近一项研究（Ahmed 等人，2018 年）中收集的相同 SDO 中粪便指示菌 (FIB) 和污水相关分子标记物（即拟杆菌属 HF183 和 crAssphage 标记物）的水平进行了比较。水样中 FIB、污水相关标志物、细菌病原体和许多 ARG 的浓度相对较高，SDO 可能是坦帕湾微生物污染的潜在热点。可培养大肠杆菌和肠球菌属的平均浓度。与干燥天气相比，潮湿天气高出十倍。大多数微生物污染物遵循这一趋势。编码毒力因子 intimin 的大肠杆菌 eaeA 与 20 个 ARG 的水平相关，并且在潮湿天气中比干燥天气样本更频繁地检测到。与耐碳青霉烯肠杆菌科相关的blaKPC基因和β-内酰胺耐药基因（blaNPS）仅在潮湿天气样本中检测到。在潮湿天气样本中，整合子基因 Intl2 和 Intl3 的检测频率增加了 42%。可培养的大肠杆菌和肠球菌属。与测试的 47 个 (40%) ARG 中的 19 个显着相关。污水相关标记 crAssphage 和 HF183 与以下 ARG 显着相关 (p<0.05)：intl1、sul1、tet(M)、ampC、mexB 和 tet(W)。与污水相关的标记基因以及与污水相关的 ARG 的存在表明，老化的污水基础设施导致了海湾的污染物负荷。进一步的研究应侧重于收集有关 SDO 中微生物污染物，尤其是病毒的时空数据。

       Stormwater contamination can threaten the health of aquatic ecosystems and human exposed to runoff via nutrient and pathogen influxes. In this study, the concentrations of 11 bacterial pathogens and 47 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were determined by using high-throughput microfluidic qPCR (MFQPCR) in several storm drain outfalls (SDOs) during dry and wet weather in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. Data generated in this study were also compared with the levels of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and sewage-associated molecular markers (i.e., Bacteroides HF183 and crAssphage markers) in same SDOs collected in a recent study (Ahmed et al., 2018). Concentration of FIB, sewage-associated markers, bacterial pathogens and many ARGs in water samples were relatively high and SDOs may be potentially hotspots for microbial contamination in Tampa Bay. Mean concentrations of culturable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were tenfold higher in wet compared to dry weather. The majority of microbiological contaminants followed this trend. E. coli eaeA, encoding the virulence factor intimin, was correlated with levels of 20 ARGs, and was more frequently detected in wet weather than dry weather samples. The blaKPC gene associated with carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the beta-lactam resistant gene (blaNPS) were only detected in wet weather samples. Frequency of integron genes Intl2 and Intl3 detection increased by 42% in wet weather samples. Culturable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. significantly correlated with 19 of 47 (40%) ARG tested. Sewage-associated markers crAssphage and HF183 significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the following ARGs: intl1, sul1, tet(M), ampC, mexB, and tet(W). The presence of sewage-associated marker genes along with ARGs associated with sewage suggested that aging sewage infrastructure contributed to contaminant loading in the Bay. Further research should focus on collecting spatial and temporal data on the microbiological contaminants especially viruses in SDOs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018301685