摘要

       进行系统评价以确定抗生素耐药菌 (ARB)、抗菌素耐药基因 (ARG) 和抗菌素耐药基因决定簇 (ARGD) 在临床、环境和农场环境中的分布和流行情况，并确定关键知识以遏制其传播的差距。共收录五十三篇文章。审查了广泛的抗微生物细菌及其基因的流行情况。根据本系统综述中综述的研究，发现突变是所研究的主要遗传因素。所有设置共享 39 个 ARG 和 ARGD。尽管在临床环境中发现的 ARG 存在于环境中，但在评论文章中，只有 12 种被发现在环境和临床环境之间共享；将农场环境与这两种环境结合起来使这个数字增加到 32。从本次审查中提取的数据显示，农场环境是医疗环境中抗生素耐药性的主要贡献者之一。发现 ARB、ARG 和 ARGD 在所有检查的环境中无处不在。

       A systematic review was conducted to determine the distribution and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARGs), and antimicrobial-resistant gene determinants (ARGDs) in clinical, environmental, and farm settings and to identify key knowledge gaps in a bid to contain their spread. Fifty-three articles were included. The prevalence of a wide range of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and their genes was reviewed. Based on the studies reviewed in this systematic review, mutation was found to be the main genetic element investigated. All settings shared 39 ARGs and ARGDs. Despite the fact that ARGs found in clinical settings are present in the environment, in reviewed articles only 12 were found to be shared between environmental and clinical settings; the inclusion of farm settings with these two settings increased this figure to 32. Data extracted from this review revealed farm settings to be one of the main contributors of antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings. ARB, ARGs, and ARGDs were found to be ubiquitous in all settings examined.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6203169/