摘要

       应用宏基因组学方法来探索医院废水中噬菌体中抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的存在。宏基因组分析表明，大多数噬菌体序列隶属于尾状病毒目，包括有尾噬菌体家族 Podoviridae、Siphoviridae 和 Myoviridae。此外，噬菌体 DNA 部分 (0.26%) 中 ARG 的相对丰度高于细菌 DNA 部分 (0.18%)。这些差异对于编码 ATP 结合盒 (ABC) 和抗性结瘤细胞分裂 (RND) 蛋白、磷酸转移酶、β-内酰胺酶和质粒介导的喹诺酮抗性的基因尤为明显。对组装的重叠群的分析还揭示了属于 D 类 β-内酰胺酶的 blaOXA-10、blaOXA-58 和 blaOXA-24 基因以及属于 A 类 β-内酰胺酶的新型 blaTEM（与 blaTEM-1 基因的序列相似性为 98.9%）在噬菌体 DNA 中检测到更高比例的内酰胺酶。尽管是初步的，但这些发现证实了噬菌体作为抗性基因库的作用，因此强调了将它们纳入未来环境中抗生素抗性出现和传播的研究的必要性。

       A metagenomics approach was applied to explore the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteriophages from hospital wastewater. Metagenomic analysis showed that most phage sequences affiliated to the order Caudovirales, comprising the tailed phage families Podoviridae, Siphoviridae and Myoviridae. Moreover, the relative abundance of ARGs in the phage DNA fraction (0.26%) was higher than in the bacterial DNA fraction (0.18%). These differences were particularly evident for genes encoding ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and resistance–nodulation–cell division (RND) proteins, phosphotransferases, β-lactamases and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. Analysis of assembled contigs also revealed that blaOXA-10, blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-24 genes belonging to class D β-lactamases as well as a novel blaTEM (98.9% sequence similarity to the blaTEM-1 gene) belonging to class A β-lactamases were detected in a higher proportion in phage DNA. Although preliminary, these findings corroborate the role of bacteriophages as reservoirs of resistance genes and thus highlight the necessity to include them in future studies on the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924857916301200