摘要

       本研究旨在评估通过不同设计参数种植香附子的各种中观尺度水平地下流人工湿地 (CW) 对原始生活废水中抗生素和抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的去除潜力。为了选择最佳优化湿地，设置了十二个具有三种水力加载速率（HLR 10、20 和 30 厘米/天）和四种基质（牡蛎壳、沸石、麦饭石和陶瓷）的 CW。结果显示，检测到红霉素-H2O、林可霉素、莫能菌素、氧氟沙星、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺二甲嘧啶和新生霉素等7个目标抗生素化合物，均筛选出18个基因（3个磺胺类耐药基因（sul1、sul2和sul3），4个四环素耐药基因（ tetG、tetM、tetO 和 tetX）、两个大环内酯抗性基因（ermB 和 ermC）、三个喹诺酮抗性基因（qnrB、qnrD 和 qnrS）和四个氯霉素抗性基因（cmlA、fexA、fexB 和 floR））和两个整合酶基因（ int1 和 int2) 在生活废水中被阳性检测到。总抗生素的水性去除率在 17.9% 到 98.5% 之间，而总 ARGs 的水性去除率在 50.0% 到 85.8% 之间变化，由中宇宙尺度 CWs 计算。在综合考虑它们的水去除率和质量去除后，以沸石为底物且 HLR 为 20 cm/天的 CW 被选为最佳选择。综合化学和生物分析表明，微生物降解和物理吸附过程是湿地中抗生素和 ARG 的归宿的原因。这项研究的结果表明，人工湿地可能是去除生活废水中新出现的污染物（如抗生素和 ARGs）的一项有前途的技术。

       This study aimed to assess removal potential of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in raw domestic wastewater by various mesocosm-scale horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (CWs) planted Cyperus alternifolius L. with different design parameters. Twelve CWs with three hydraulic loading rates (HLR 10, 20 and 30 cm/day) and four substrates (oyster shell, zeolite, medical stone and ceramic) were set up in order to select the best optimized wetland. The result showed that 7 target antibiotics compounds including erythromycin-H2O, lincomycin, monensin, ofloxacin, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine and novobiocin were detected, and all selected 18 genes (three sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2 and sul3), four tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetM, tetO and tetX), two macrolide resistance genes (ermB and ermC), three quinolone resistance genes (qnrB, qnrD and qnrS) and four chloramphenicol resistance genes (cmlA, fexA, fexB and floR)) and two integrase genes (int1 and int2) were positively detected in the domestic wastewaters. The aqueous removal rates of the total antibiotics ranged from17.9 to 98.5%, while those for the total ARGs varied between 50.0 and 85.8% by the mesocosm-scale CWs. After considering their aqueous removal rates in combination with their mass removals, the CW with zeolite as the substrate and HLR of 20 cm/day was selected as the best choice. Combined chemical and biological analyses indicate that both microbial degradation and physical sorption processes were responsible for the fate of antibiotics and ARGs in the wetlands. The findings from this study suggest constructed wetlands could be a promising technology for the removal of emerging contaminants such as antibiotics and ARGs in domestic wastewater.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969716308786