摘要

       本研究的目的是研究长期施用猪粪对嘉兴长期田间试验场土壤中重金属、抗生素和 ARGs 积累的影响，采用三种粪肥处理，N-PM（ 0kg/ha/y, dw)、L-PM (7720kg/ha/y, dw) 和 H-PM (11,580kg/ha/y, dw)，在 2013 年和 2014 年。 2 年所有粪样均检测到 Zn 和 Cu 金属污染，含量均超过土壤质量标准。在三种四环素中，金霉素是主要的抗生素，长期施用猪粪后，2013年检测到3.04-98.03μg·kg-1，2014年检测到28.67-344.74μg·kg-1。 Q-PCR结果表明，核糖体保护蛋白基因（tetM、tetO、tetQ和tetW）的平均积累量低于大多数外排泵基因（tetA和tetG）。 2年施肥地点的tet和sul基因丰度均显着高于未施肥地点。 ARGs的宏基因组学分析显示，多药耐药基因的丰度是最丰富的亚型，其次是氟喹诺酮类、杆菌肽、磺胺类和四环素类。 ARGs水平呈正相关；土壤有机质、抗生素、Cu、As 和 Zn 水平。这些结果可能揭示了强调长期施肥对表层土壤中 ARG 发生和传播影响的机制。

       The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of long-term application of pig manure on the accumulation of heavy metals, antibiotics and ARGs in surface soil sampled from the Jiaxing long-term field experimental site with three manure treatments, N-PM (0 kg/ha/y, dw), L-PM (7720 kg/ha/y, dw), and H-PM (11,580 kg/ha/y, dw), in 2013 and 2014. The results showed that most serious metal pollution of Zn and Cu was recorded in all manured samples in both years, and their contents exceeded the soil quality standards. Among the three tetracyclines, chlortetracycline was the predominant antibiotic detected with a range of 3.04–98.03 μg·kg−1 in 2013 and 28.67–344.74 μg·kg−1 in 2014 after long-term pig manure application. Q-PCR results showed that the average accumulation of ribosomal protection protein genes (tetM, tetO, tetQ and tetW) was lower than most of the efflux pump genes (tetA and tetG). The abundance of tet and sul genes of those sites with manure application was significantly higher than that of sites without manure application in both years. Metagenomics analysis of ARGs revealed that the abundance of multidrug resistance genes was the most abundant subtype, followed by fluoroquinolone, bacitracin, sulfonamide and tetracycline. There was a positive correlation between the levels of ARGs; soil organic matter, antibiotics, Cu, As, and Zn levels in both years. These results may shed light on the mechanism underlining the effects of long-term manure application on the occurrence and dissemination of ARGs in surface soil.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969718313718