摘要

       在北卡罗来纳州桑普森县（美国）的一个商业养猪场，对来自猪粪、猪泻湖污水和接收泻湖污水的土壤的总共 616 株大肠杆菌分离株中的 10 种抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的流行率进行了评估.带有编码链霉素/壮观霉素（aadA/strA 和 strB）、四环素（tetA 和 tetB）和磺胺（sul1）的 ARG 的分离株出现的频率最高（60.6-91.3%）。携带 aadA、tetA、tetB 和 tetC 基因的大肠杆菌分离株在土壤样品中的出现频率 (34.0–97.2%) 比在泻湖样品中的分离株 (20.9–90.6%) 更为频繁。此外，与猪粪（16.8-86.1%）相比，土壤样品中含有编码 aadA 和 tetB 基因的分离株的频率（82.6-97.2%）显着更高。来自泻湖的带有 tetA、tetC 和 sul3 基因的分离株在春季（63.3-96.7%）比在冬季（13.1-67.8%）更普遍。具有 strA、strB 和 sul1 抗性基因的泻湖分离株的流行在夏季（90.0-100%）明显高于春季（66.6-80.0%）。数据表明，泻湖、土壤和粪便中的条件可能会对具有特定 ARG 的大肠杆菌分离株的发生产生影响。季节性变量似乎会影响 ARG 的恢复分离株；然而，ARG 分布可能与可移动的遗传元素或动物脱落的抗性分离株的初始数量的反映有关。 

       On a commercial pig farm in Sampson County, North Carolina (USA), 10 antibiotic resistance genes (ARG ) Was evaluated. Isolates with ARG encoding streptomycin/spectinomycin (aadA/strA and strB), tetracycline (tetA and tetB), and sulfa (sul1) appeared most frequently (60.6-91.3) %). E. coli isolates carrying the aadA, tetA, tetB, and tetC genes appeared more frequently in soil samples (34.0-97.2%) than isolates in lagoon samples (20.9-90.6%). In addition, compared with pig manure (16.8-86.1%), the frequency (82.6-97.2%) of isolates encoding aadA and tetB genes in soil samples was significantly higher. Isolates from the lagoon with tetA, tetC and sul3 genes are more common in spring (63.3-96.7%) than in winter (13.1-67.8%). The prevalence of lagoon isolates with strA, strB and sul1 resistance genes was significantly higher in summer (90.0-100%) than in spring (66.6-80.0%). The data suggests that conditions in the lagoon, soil, and manure may affect the occurrence of E. coli isolates with specific ARGs. Seasonal variables seem to affect the recovery of ARG isolates; however, the ARG distribution may be a reflection of mobile genetic elements or the initial number of resistant isolates shed by animals.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12223-011-0019-z