摘要

       新出现的污染物，包括药品和个人护理产品，正受到相当多的关注，因为它们可能对环境产生负面影响并对人类健康构成风险。抗生素的广泛使用及其在环境中的归宿和运输对公共卫生和抗生素抗性生物 (ARO) 的发展构成了进一步的风险。虽然 ARO 的出现很重要，但人们对抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的兴趣越来越大。迫切需要提高我们对临床和兽医环境、人体（胃肠道和微生物组）以及工程（废水处理厂）和自然环境（土壤、沉积物和水）环境。本综述重点关注 ARG 作为一种新兴的环境污染物。详细探讨了 ARG 在各种环境中传播的因素和机制。确定了 ARG 在决策和环境监测方面的独特挑战，并提供了有关如何应对这些挑战的建议。

       Emerging pollutants, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products, are receiving considerable attention because they may have a negative impact on the environment and pose risks to human health. The widespread use of antibiotics, their fate and transportation in the environment poses further risks to public health and the development of antibiotic resistant organisms (ARO). Although the emergence of ARO is important, there is growing interest in antibiotic resistance genes (ARG). There is an urgent need to improve our environment for clinical and veterinary environments, the human body (gastrointestinal tract and microbiome), engineering (wastewater treatment plants), and natural environments (soil, sediment and water). This review focuses on ARG as an emerging environmental pollutant. The factors and mechanisms of ARG transmission in various environments are discussed in detail. Identified ARG’s unique challenges in decision-making and environmental monitoring, and provided recommendations on how to deal with these challenges. 

https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/er-2015-0069