摘要

       抗微生物药物耐药性仍然是一个严重且日益严重的人类健康挑战。水环境可能代表了抵抗元素进出人类的关键传播途径。然而，景观特征与抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 之间的定量关系以前尚未确定。本研究的目的是检查 ARG 与流域中假定的上游人为源之间的相关性。 sul1（磺胺）和 tet（W）（四环素）是在南普拉特河流域的床和悬浮沉积物中使用定量聚合酶链反应测量的，该流域起源于落基山脉的原始地区，贯穿人类活动的梯度。构建了一个地理空间数据库，以描绘从动物饲养作业、废水处理厂、鱼类孵化场和饲养单位到河流监测点的地表水路径。比较了一般线性回归模型。河流 sul1 与动物饲养操作（R2 = 0.35，p < 0.001）和废水处理厂（R2 = 0.34，p < 0.001）的上游能力相关。沿着运输路径对动物饲养操作的反距离加权加强了观察到的相关性（R2 = 0.60-0.64，p < 0.001），表明这些途径在 ARG 传播中的重要性。在一年中的四个采样事件中保持相关性，并且在所有事件中平均床和悬浮沉积物的 sul1 测量值产生最强的相关性（R2 = 0.92，p < 0.001）。相反，tet(W) 与景观特征的显着关系并不明显，与 sul1 相比，tet(W) 广泛分布在原始地区，并且在动物饲养操作泻湖中也相对更为普遍。研究结果强调需要将注意力集中在量化水通路对人类抗生素耐药性疾病负担的贡献上，并提供对控制 ARG 传播的潜在策略的见解。

       Antimicrobial resistance remains a serious and growing human health challenge. The water environment may represent a key transmission route for resistance elements in and out of humans. However, the quantitative relationship between landscape characteristics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) has not previously been established. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between ARG and the assumed source of upstream tourists in the watershed. sul1 (sulfa) and tet (W) (tetracycline) were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the beds and suspended sediments of the South Platte River Basin, which originated in the pristine area of the Rocky Mountains and runs through human activities Gradient. A geospatial database was constructed to describe the path of surface water from animal husbandry operations, wastewater treatment plants, fish hatcheries and breeding units to river monitoring points. The general linear regression model is compared. The river sul1 is related to the upstream capacity of animal feeding operations (R2 = 0.35, p <0.001) and wastewater treatment plants (R2 = 0.34, p <0.001). The inverse distance weighting of animal feeding operations along the transport path reinforces the observed correlation (R2 = 0.60-0.64, p <0.001), indicating the importance of these pathways in the transmission of ARG. The correlation was maintained in the four sampling events in a year, and the sul1 measurements of the average bed and suspended sediment produced the strongest correlation in all events (R2 = 0.92, p <0.001). On the contrary, the significant relationship between tet(W) and landscape features is not obvious. Compared with sul1, tet(W) is widely distributed in primitive areas and is relatively more common in animal feeding lagoons. The findings emphasize the need to focus attention on quantifying the contribution of water pathways to the burden of human antibiotic-resistant disease and provide insights into potential strategies to control the spread of ARG.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es302657r