摘要

       水生环境被认为是抗菌素耐药基因 (ARG) 的储存库。为了确定导致这些基因库的来源，评估进入水生环境的流出物至关重要。在这里，我们描述了进入河流集水区的两种类型的污水的宏基因组评估。我们研究了抗性基因、移动遗传元件 (MGE) 和病原菌的多样性和丰度。结果被标准化为河流源水的背景样本。我们的结果表明，出水对河流流域贡献了一系列基因，最丰富的是来自农场污水的四环素抗性基因 tetC 和 tetW 以及来自污水处理厂 (WWTP) 出水的磺胺抗性基因 sul2。在 3 年间采集的 9 个独立样本中，我们发现了 53 个不同的基因，它们对七类抗菌素产生抗药性。与从污水入口抽取的河流背景样本相比，农场污水中基因的平均丰度高出三倍，污水处理厂出水中的平均丰度高出两倍。我们得出的结论是，流出物会在河流流域内分散 ARGs、MGEs 和病原菌，从而导致 ARGs 的环境水库。

       The aquatic environment is considered a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG). In order to determine the source of these gene pools, it is important to assess the effluent entering the aquatic environment. Here, we describe the metagenomic assessment of two types of sewage entering the river catchment area. We studied the diversity and abundance of resistance genes, mobile genetic elements (MGE), and pathogens. The results were standardized as a background sample of river source water. Our results show that the effluent contributes a series of genes to the river basin, the most abundant are the tetracycline resistance genes tetC and tetW from farm wastewater and the sulfa resistance gene sul2 from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. In 9 independent samples collected over 3 years, we found 53 different genes that are resistant to seven types of antibiotics. Compared with the river background sample taken from the sewage inlet, the average abundance of genes in farm sewage is three times higher, and the average abundance in sewage treatment plant effluent is twice as high. We concluded that the effluent will disperse ARGs, MGEs and pathogens in the river basin, leading to environmental reservoirs of ARGs.

https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-abstract/73/7/1541/19028/Comparative-metagenomics-reveals-a-diverse-range