摘要

       本研究重点研究了中国长江三角洲 (YRD) 农业土壤中 13 种常见抗生素的发生情况和空间分布。在所有 241 个土壤样品中均检出抗生素（即 100% 检出率），总浓度范围为 4.55 至 2,010 ng/g 干重。三类抗生素的浓度依次降低：喹诺酮类（平均 48.8 ng/g）> 四环素（平均 34.9 ng/g）> 磺胺类（平均 2.35 ng/g）。环丙沙星是普遍的化合物，平均浓度为 27.7 ng/g，其次是土霉素（平均 18.9 ng/g）。观察到明显的空间分布，在靠近畜禽养殖场的地点检测到高浓度的抗生素。农业土壤中抗生素的潜在来源是该地区粪便和废水灌溉的应用。单一抗生素化合物的风险评估表明，四环素类和喹诺酮类可能构成潜在风险，其中强力霉素和环丙沙星在农业土壤中的生态影响最为严重。在 15 个分析的土壤样品中检测到抗生素抗性基因 (ARG)，例如 tetA、sulI 和 qnrS，并且 sulI 与喹诺酮类、四环素类、铜和锌显着相关。对于广泛使用的抗生素和主要 ARG 的风险管理，需要进一步研究区域范围内农业土壤中其他 ARG 的分布。

       This study focused on the occurrence and spatial distribution of 13 common antibiotics in agricultural soils in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in China. Antibiotics were detected in all 241 soil samples (ie 100% detection rate), with a total concentration ranging from 4.55 to 2,010 ng/g dry weight. The concentration of the three types of antibiotics decreased sequentially: quinolones (average 48.8 ng/g)> tetracyclines (average 34.9 ng/g)> sulfonamides (average 2.35 ng/g). Ciprofloxacin is a common compound with an average concentration of 27.7 ng/g, followed by oxytetracycline (average 18.9 ng/g). Obvious spatial distribution was observed, and high concentrations of antibiotics were detected in locations close to livestock and poultry farms. A potential source of antibiotics in agricultural soils is the application of manure and wastewater irrigation in the area. The risk assessment of a single antibiotic compound indicates that tetracyclines and quinolones may pose potential risks, among which doxycycline and ciprofloxacin have the most serious ecological impacts in agricultural soils. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARG), such as tetA, sulI, and qnrS, were detected in 15 soil samples analyzed, and sulI was significantly associated with quinolones, tetracyclines, copper, and zinc. For the widely used antibiotics and the risk management of major ARGs, it is necessary to further study the distribution of other ARGs in agricultural soils within the region.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653517314546