摘要

       动物饲养场 (AFO) 和污水处理厂 (WWTP) 是河流中抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 和/或可能选择天然河流细菌中 ARG 的抗生素的潜在来源。本研究旨在确定 ARG 分布模式，以明确区分 ARG 的假定来源与本地河流环境。然后可以将此类分子特征用作特定人为来源的示踪剂。三个污水处理厂、六个 AFO 泻湖和沿 Cache la Poudre (Poudre) 河原始区域的三个站点就 11 种磺胺和四环素 ARG 的检测频率 (FOD) 进行了比较。主成分和对应分析有助于确定 tet(H)、tet(Q)、tet(S) 和 tet(T)（tet group HQST）与 AFO 环境和 tet(C)、tet(E) 的关联和 tet(O)（tet 集团 CEO）与污水处理厂。判别分析表明，tet group HQST 和 tet group CEO 都正确地对环境进行了分类，但只有 tet group HQST 提供了环境间 FOD 的显着差异（p < 0.05）。在 100% 的源环境中检测到 Sul(I)，但在以 tet(M) 和 tet(W) 为主的原始 Poudre 河中仅检测到一次。基于限制性片段长度多态性和系统发育分析，从原始 Poudre 河、污水处理厂和 AFO 泻湖生成的 Tet(W) 文库也是可辨别的。因此，开发了一种新方法并证明它对模型河流系统有效，在推进对环境中 ARG 传输的基本理解方面迈出了重要一步。

       Animal feedlots (AFO) and sewage treatment plants (WWTP) are potential sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in rivers and/or antibiotics that may select ARG in natural river bacteria. This study aims to determine the distribution pattern of ARG to clearly distinguish the assumed source of ARG from the local river environment. Such molecular features can then be used as tracers of specific man-made sources. Three wastewater treatment plants, six AFO lagoons, and three sites along the pristine area of the Cache la Poudre (Poudre) River compared the detection frequency (FOD) of 11 sulfa and tetracycline ARGs. Principal component and correspondence analysis helps to determine the relationship between tet(H), tet(Q), tet(S) and tet(T) (tet group HQST) and AFO environment and tet(C), tet(E) and tet (O) (CEO of tet Group) and sewage treatment plant. Discriminant analysis showed that both tet group HQST and tet group CEO classified the environment correctly, but only tet group HQST provided a significant difference in FOD between environments (p <0.05). Sul(I) was detected in 100% of the source environment, but only once in the original Poudre river dominated by tet(M) and tet(W). Based on restriction fragment length polymorphism and phylogenetic analysis, Tet(W) libraries generated from the original Poudre River, sewage treatment plant, and AFO Lagoon are also discernible. Therefore, a new method was developed and proved to be effective for the model river system, an important step in advancing the basic understanding of ARG transmission in the environment.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es902893f