摘要
       本研究旨在评估从海水鱼（Argyrosomus japonicus）回收的弧菌分离株和来自两个商业暗淡kob水产养殖场和南非Kariega河口的水样的抗菌谱和抗生素抗性基因（ARG），并评估这些发现其公共健康影响。通过椎间盘扩散方法，对总共277个分子证实的由126个河流弧菌，45个创伤弧菌，30个副溶血弧菌和76个弧菌组成的弧菌分离株进行了对15种抗生素的药敏试验。使用多重抗生素抗性指数（MARI）来确定抗生素抗性相关的健康风险，而聚合酶链反应用于评估14种ARG对非易感菌株的存在。对阿莫西林（76.2％），氨苄西林（67.5％），红霉素（38.3％）和强力霉素（35.0％）的耐药率最高，对庆大霉素敏感性最高（100％），其次是诺氟沙星（97.8％），氟苯尼考（90.3％），四环素（87.7％）和氯霉素（87.4％）。我们记录了58.5％的多药耐药性（对≥2个抗菌药的耐药性）。 MARI没有显着差异（P> 0.05）;然而，在测试的所有菌株的40％（108/277）中记录> 0.2的值。 erbB（82.5％），sul2（53.8％），strA（44）， ％），dfr1（42.3％）和tetM（38.3％）是最丰富的。健康的海洋有鳍鱼（dusky kob）及其环境可以作为抗生素耐药弧菌和ARG的储库，可以传播给人类和其他易感细菌，因此成为公众健康问题。

       This study aimed to evaluate the antibiogram and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of Vibrio isolates recovered from a marine fish (Argyrosomus japonicus) and water samples from two commercial dusky kob aquaculture farms and the Kariega estuary, South Africa, and to evaluate these findings for their public health implications. A total of 277 molecularly confirmed Vibrio isolates consisting of 126 Vibrio fluvialis, 45 Vibrio vulnificus, 30 Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, and 76 vibrios belonging to species of the genus other than Vibrio cholerae were subjected to susceptibility testing to 15 antibiotics by the disc diffusion method. Multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) was used to determine the antibiotic resistance-associated health risk, while polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the presence of 14 ARGs for nonsusceptible strains. Highest resistances were recorded to amoxicillin (76.2%), ampicillin (67.5%), erythromycin (38.3%), and doxycycline (35.0%), while susceptibilities were highest to gentamicin (100%), followed by norfloxacin (97.8%), florfenicol (90.3%), tetracycline (87.7%), and chloramphenicol (87.4%). We recorded a 58.5% multidrug resistance (resistance to ≥2 antimicrobial classes). MARI did not vary significantly between sites (p > 0.05); however, values of >0.2 were recorded in 40% (108/277) of all strains tested. ARG markers, ampC, blaOXA, tetA, tetM, dfr1, sul1, sul2, ermB, nptII, strA, and SXT integrase, were detected in one or more strains with ermB (82.5%), sul2 (53.8%), strA (44%), dfr1 (42.3%), and tetM (38.3%) being the most abundant. Healthy marine finfish (dusky kob) and their environment can serve as reservoirs for antibiotic resistant vibrios and ARGs, which could be disseminated to humans and other susceptible bacteria and this therefore becomes a public health concern.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29565731