摘要

滥用抗生素治疗人和动物感染导致病原体和共生细菌的抗性增加。特别是由于动物生产中大量使用抗生素，农场动物可能成为传播耐药基因的载体，可以抵抗各种抗菌药物，包括人类通常使用的抗菌药物。大肠杆菌是一种广泛的共生菌，被认为是抗生素使用的良好指标。最终，它正在成为一种全球威胁，对多种药物产生极高的抗生素耐药性。因此，它在食用动物中的流行率令人担忧，为了确定食物链和人类之间的传播动态，需要进行更多的研究。在这种情况下，应该高度重视通过传统方法和分子方法对抗性的准确检测。在这篇综述中，还介绍了最广泛使用的测试方法的综合列表。

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics for the treatment of human and animal infections has led to the rise ofresistance in pathogens and in commensal bacteria. In particular, farm animals may act as vectors for the dissemination of drug-resistantgenes because of the intensive use of antibiotics in animal production, enabling resistance to a wide range of antimicrobial agents, including those normally used in human medicine. Escherichia coli, being a widespread commensal, is considered a good indicator of antibiotic use. Ultimately, it is emerging as a global threat, developing dramatically high levels of antibiotic resistance to multiple classes of drugs. Its prevalence in food animals is hence alarming, and more studies are needed in order to ascertain the spread dynamics between the food chain and humans. In this context, great attention should be paid to the accurate detection of resistance by conventional and molecular methods. In this review, a comprehensive list of the most widely used testing methods is also addressed.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29554996