摘要
      许多污染物是由灰尘携带的，灰尘是一种容易与人类接触的常见环境介质，抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）作为一种紧急污染物也存在于灰尘中，对人类健康构成严重威胁，尤其是机会性病原体携带的抗生素，因为ARGs引起的抗生素失活可能会增强致病性。考虑到灰尘ARGs的研究存在差距，采用16S rRNA基因序列和高通量定量PCR获得了来自不同城市地区（包括商场、医院、学校和公园）的灰尘中微生物群落和累积ARGs信息，研究ARGs的分布及其影响因素，发现ARGs在灰尘中的潜在宿主。在这里，在灰尘中检测到9种类型的ARGs，如磺酰胺、四环素和β-内酰胺酶，以及71种亚型的ARGs-sul1、tetM-01和drfA1。ARGs在不同的公共场所和不同的沙尘季节有不同的分布。总ARGs、MLSB和四环素基因的丰度在春季高于夏季。购物中心ARG的多样性最高，其次是医院、学校和公园。此外，灰尘中的多药耐药性基因在医院比在学校和公园更丰富。微生物被认为是灰尘中ARGs最重要的驱动因素，其次是可移动遗传元素（MGE）和不同的地方，而灰尘的物理化学参数只会产生微不足道的影响。值得注意的是，由于强阳性共存，链球菌、弧菌和假单胞菌等几种机会性病原体被推断为高风险ARGs的潜在宿主，如灰尘中的mecA、tetM-02和tetO-01。这些结果表明，灰尘可能是ARGs的一个重要来源。我们应该意识到，ARGs可能存在于一些机会性病原体中，这些病原体发生在灰尘中，由于灰尘容易接触人类而危害人类健康。
Abstract
Many contaminants were carried by dust, a common environment media that is easy to contact with human beings, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) as an emergency pollutant also harbor in dust and pose serious threats to human health especially those carried by opportunistic pathogens because inactivation of antibiotics caused by ARGs may enhance pathogenicity. Considering there is a gap of investigation of dust ARGs, 16 S rRNA gene sequences and high-throughput quantitative PCR were employed to obtain information of microbial communities and accumulated ARGs in dust from different urban places, including the malls, hospitals, schools and parks, to investigate the distribution and influencing factors of ARGs and discover the potential hosts of ARGs in dust. Here, 9 types of ARGs such as sulfonamide, tetracycline, and beta-lactamase and 71 subtypes of ARGs like sul1, tetM-01, and drfA1 were detected in dust. ARGs had varying distribution in different public places and seasons in dust. The abundances of total ARGs, MLSB and tetracycline genes were higher in spring than summer. The diversity of ARGs was highest in malls, follow by hospitals, schools, and parks. Additionally, multi-drug resistance genes in dust were more abundant in hospitals than in schools and parks. The microbes were distinguished as the most important driving factors for ARGs in dust, followed by the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and different places, while dust physicochemical parameters only exert a negligible impact. Notably, several opportunistic pathogens like the Streptococcus, Vibrio, and Pseudomonas were inferred as potential hosts of high-risk ARGs such as mecA, tetM-02, and tetO-01 in dust because of strongly positive co-occurrence. These results imply that dust is likely an important reservoir of ARGs. We should realize that ARGs may be harbored in some opportunistic pathogens occur in dust and endanger human health because of dust contacting to human easily.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749122012052