摘要
      尽管土壤抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）对人类福祉构成严重威胁，但它们在全球范围内的空间显性模式和对环境约束的反应尚不清楚。这种知识差距阻碍了世界卫生组织发起的抗生素耐药性全球行动计划。在这里，对1088个土壤宏基因组样本的全球分析在土壤中检测到558个ARG，其中农业栖息地的ARG丰度高于非农业栖息地。土壤ARGs主要由临床病原体和肠道微生物携带，它们介导了气候和人为因素对ARGs的控制。我们生成了土壤ARG丰度的全球地图，其中确定的微生物宿主、农业活动和人为因素解释了印度、东亚、西欧和美国的ARG热点。我们的研究结果强调了携带ARGs的土壤临床病原体对健康的威胁，并确定了全球优先控制土壤抗生素耐药性的地区。
Abstract
Although edaphic antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose serious threats to human well-being, their spatially explicit patterns and responses to environmental constraints at the global scale are not well understood. This knowledge gap is hindering the global action plan on antibiotic resistance launched by the World Health Organization. Here, a global analysis of 1088 soil metagenomic samples detected 558 ARGs in soils, where ARG abundance in agricultural habitats was higher than that in nonagricultural habitats. Soil ARGs were mostly carried by clinical pathogens and gut microbes that mediated the control of climatic and anthropogenic factors to ARGs. We generated a global map of soil ARG abundance, where the identified microbial hosts, agricultural activities, and anthropogenic factors explained ARG hot spots in India, East Asia, Western Europe, and the United States. Our results highlight health threats from soil clinical pathogens carrying ARGs and determine regions prioritized to control soil antibiotic resistance worldwide.

https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/sciadv.abq8015