摘要
      本研究探讨了堆肥过程中不同的植物生长促进根际细菌（PGPR）接种策略：不接种（CK）、初始阶段接种（T1）、冷却阶段接种（T2）以及初始和冷却阶段接种的相关机制。堆肥后，ARGs的总相对丰度在T3和T2下分别下降了0.26和0.03个对数，但在T1和CK下分别增加了0.05和0.22个对数。8种ARGs在T3下的丰度最低，包括一些具有临床意义的高危ARGs。生物有效性Cu显著影响了容易去除的ARG，PGPR接种降低了Cu的生物利用度。T3降低了潜在病原体宿主的丰度，通过降低可移动基因元件的RAs（0.48 log）抑制了水平基因转移，并下调了与ARG繁殖相关的基因的表达，从而降低了ARG的生态风险。
Abstract
This study investigated the effects on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and the related mechanisms of different plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculation strategies during composting: no inoculation (CK), inoculation in initial phase (T1), inoculation in cooling phase (T2), and inoculation in both initial and cooling phases (T3). After composting, the total relative abundances (RAs) of ARGs decreased by 0.26 and 0.03 logs under T3 and T2, respectively, but increased by 0.05 and 0.22 logs under T1 and CK. The abundances of eight ARGs were lowest under T3, including some high risk ARGs with clinical importance. Bioavailable Cu significantly affected the readily removed ARGs, and PGPR inoculation decreased the bioavailability of Cu. T3 reduced the abundances of potential pathogen hosts, inhibited horizontal gene transfer by reducing the RAs of mobile gene elements (0.48 logs), and downregulated the expression of genes related to ARG propagation, thereby decreasing the ecological risk of ARGs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960852422004461