摘要
      人们越来越担心抗生素的使用和滥用会增加废水中抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的检测。传统的废水处理厂为ARGs和抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）释放到自然水体中提供了一条途径。研究表明，传统的一级和二级处理系统可以在不同程度上减少ARG/ARB。然而，在发展中国家/低收入国家，只有8-28%的废水通过传统处理工艺进行处理，导致环境暴露在未经处理的污水中高水平的ARG、ARB和药品中。人工湿地（CW）的使用有可能为废水处理提供一种低成本的解决方案，将营养物质、病原体、ARB/ARGs作为一种独立的处理过程或与传统处理系统集成时进行去除。最近，化学武器也被用于减少抗生素残留、药物和新出现的污染物。考虑到去除ARG的好处、低成本的建设、维护、能源需求和性能效率，CW为发展中国家/低收入国家提供了一个很有前途的解决方案。这篇综述有助于更好地理解减少废水中抗生素和ARG/ARB的处理技术（包括传统系统和CWs）的性能效率，并探索可行的替代方案。
Abstract
There is a growing concern that the use and misuse of antibiotics can increase the detection of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in wastewater. Conventional wastewater treatment plants provide a pathway for ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) to be released into natural water bodies. Research has indicated that conventional primary and secondary treatment systems can reduce ARGs/ARB to varying degrees. However, in developing/low-income countries, only 8–28% of wastewater is treated via conventional treatment processes, resulting in the environment being exposed to high levels of ARGs, ARB and pharmaceuticals in raw sewage. The use of constructed wetlands (CWs) has the potential to provide a low-cost solution for wastewater treatment, with respect to removal of nutrients, pathogens, ARB/ARGs either as a standalone treatment process or when integrated with conventional treatment systems. Recently, CWs have also been employed for the reduction of antibiotic residues, pharmaceuticals, and emerging contaminants. Given the benefits of ARG removal, low cost of construction, maintenance, energy requirement, and performance efficiencies, CWs offer a promising solution for developing/low-income countries. This review promotes a better understanding of the performance efficiency of treatment technologies (both conventional systems and CWs) for the reduction of antibiotics and ARGs/ARB from wastewater and explores workable alternatives.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653522016411