摘要
      探讨了铜（Cu）在梯度增加（0.5–10 mg/L）或减少暴露（10–0.5 mg/L）模式下对活性污泥抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和细菌/古菌群落的影响。在这里，在48个选定的ARGs和可移动基因元件（MGE）中检测到29个基因。两种暴露模式对ARGs的影响不同，且分布更受环境中Cu浓度的影响，这促进了ARGs（多重耐药性和磺酰胺）的传播。细胞保护是主要的阻力机制，其抑制作用不如外排泵。tnpA-02作为主要的MGE，与ARGs（sul2、floR等）密切相互作用。梯度增加暴露模式对细菌/古菌的结构和组成有更大的影响。细菌是特异性ARGs和tnpA-02的主要宿主，而古菌携带多种ARGs（cmx（A）、adeA等），细菌（24.24%）对ARGs变化的贡献大于古菌（19.29%）。本研究阐明了铜对ARGs增殖和传播的影响。
Abstract
Effect of copper (Cu) on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and bacterial/archaeal community of activated sludge under gradient increasing (0.5–10 mg/L) or decreasing exposure (10–0.5 mg/L) modes was explored. Here, 29 genes were detected among 48 selected ARGs and mobile gene elements (MGEs). Two exposure modes showed dissimilar effects on ARGs and distribution was more affected by environmental concentrations of Cu, which promoted transmission of ARGs (multiple drug resistance and sulfonamide). Cellular protection was main resistance mechanism, which was less inhibited than efflux pumps. The tnpA-02, as main MGE, interacted closely with ARGs (sul2, floR, etc.). Gradient increasing exposure mode had more effects on bacterial/archaeal structure and composition. Bacteria were main hosts for specific ARGs and tnpA-02, while archaea carried multiple ARGs (cmx(A), adeA, etc.), and bacteria (24.24 %) contributed more to changes of ARGs than archaea (19.29 %). This study clarified the impacts of Cu on the proliferation and transmission of ARGs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960852422012706