摘要
      抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）是一种可以通过各种环境介质传播的污染物。它们导致抗生素耐药性微生物的数量增加，从而对人类健康构成威胁。从医院出院是ARGs和抗生素耐药性细菌对自然环境的最重要贡献者。全面了解医院废水中ARGs的微生物结构和分布，可以促进对此类废水的适当处理，并可以提高我们对几种流行病的病理生理学的理解。在这项工作中，宏基因组学技术用于比较对照组中的微生物种类和ARGs与三种类型医院（综合医院、中医医院和口腔专科医院）未经处理的废水中的微生物物种和ARGs。在医院废水中发现的微生物群代表了6415个物种和244个门。三家医院废水中的细菌群落组成与对照组有显著差异。还使用抗生素耐药性基因数据库（ARDB）和综合抗生素耐药性数据库（CARD）分析了样本中的ARGs。最后，研究了样本中丰富的物种与ARGs之间的联系。这项研究的结果表明，微生物物种与废水样本中发现的ARG成分之间存在联系。在各种医院的废水中发现了各种不同的ARGs属，每个属都有自己独特的相关性。因此，在各种医院未经处理的废水中发现的ARGs和微生物物种具有独特的特征。因此，需要制定更详细的协议来处理来自各种类型医院的废水。进一步的研究应该检查在各种类型的医院废水中发现的各种微生物物种与某些疾病之间是否存在联系。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are contaminants that can propagate through a variety of environmental media. They contribute to an increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant microbes and thereby pose a danger to human health. Discharge from hospitals is the most significant contributor of ARGs and antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the natural environment. A comprehensive understanding of the microbiological structure and the distribution of ARGs in hospital wastewater can facilitate appropriate treatment of such wastewater and can improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of several epidemic illnesses. In this work, metagenomics techniques were used to compare the microbial species and ARGs in a control group with those in untreated wastewater from three types of hospitals (a general hospital, a hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, and an oral specialty hospital). The microbiota found in the hospital wastewater represented 6,415 species and 244 phyla. The composition of the bacterial community in the wastewater from the three hospitals was significantly different from that in the control group. The ARGs in the samples were also analyzed using the Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database (ARDB) and Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD). Finally, the link between abundant species and ARGs in the samples was examined. The findings of this study indicate that a connection exists between the microbial species and the ARG composition found in the wastewater samples. A variety of distinct genera of ARGs, each having their own unique correlations, have been found in wastewater from various hospitals. Consequently, the ARGs and microbial species found in the untreated wastewater from various hospitals have unique characteristics. Therefore, more detailed protocols need to be established to treat wastewater from various types of hospitals. Further studies should examine whether a connection exists between the various microbial species found in the wastewater of various types of hospitals and certain illnesses.

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ast/2022/3344026/