摘要
      尽管公众对空气环境中的传染病有着重大的健康担忧，但潜在的有害微生物指标，如生物气溶胶中的抗生素耐药性基因，尚未得到显著关注。传统上，生物气溶胶研究的重点是微生物群落的特征；然而，由于生物气溶胶中ARGs的存在，最近出现了一个更严重的问题，导致水平基因转移（HGT）的流行率增加。这构成了细菌将基因转移到其他环境介质从而导致传染病的过程。近年来，通过应用先进的分子和生物技术方法，对水和土壤环境中的抗生素耐药性进行了广泛的研究。然而，生物气溶胶中的ARGs并没有受到太多关注。此外，由于缺乏合适的方法，空气环境中的ARG和HGT剖面在实地研究中受到很大限制。因此，本研究全面描述了已发表研究的最新发现，以及监测生物气溶胶中抗生素耐药性的一些适当的分子和生物技术方法。此外，本综述还讨论了当前方法论问题和未来研究方向方面的主要知识差距。
Abstract
Despite significant public health concerns regarding infectious diseases in air environments, potentially harmful microbiological indicators, such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bioaerosols, have not received significant attention. Traditionally, bioaerosol studies have focused on the characterization of microbial communities; however, a more serious problem has recently arisen due to the presence of ARGs in bioaerosols, leading to an increased prevalence of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This constitutes a process by which bacteria transfer genes to other environmental media and consequently cause infectious disease. Antibiotic resistance in water and soil environments has been extensively investigated in the past few years by applying advanced molecular and biotechnological methods. However, ARGs in bioaerosols have not received much attention. In addition, ARG and HGT profiling in air environments is greatly limited in field studies due to the absence of suitable methodological approaches. Therefore, this study comprehensively describes recent findings from published studies and some of the appropriate molecular and biotechnological methods for monitoring antibiotic resistance in bioaerosols. In addition, this review discusses the main knowledge gaps regarding current methodological issues and future research directions.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11157-022-09622-3