摘要
      重金属和辐射都可能影响新出现的抗生素耐药性污染物的扩散和传播。作为一种富含放射性金属的环境介质，铀矿的抗生素耐药性在很大程度上仍然未知。选择中国广东省的一个铀矿，研究了抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的分布及其影响因素，包括细胞内ARGs（iARGs）、吸附细胞外ARGs和游离细胞外ARG。结果表明，磺酰胺类和四环素类ARB在矿区普遍存在，绝对浓度为7.70×102～5.18×105菌落形成单位/g。矿山土壤中aeARGs的丰度显著高于iARGs（p<0.05），这突出了aeARG对ARGs传播的关键贡献。矿山排水及其接收河流中的feARGs含量丰富（3.38×104–1.86×107拷贝/mL）。ARB、aeARGs和iARGs可能与氮物种和重金属（如U和Mn）相关，而feARGs与化学需氧量呈显著相关性（p<0.05）。这些发现首次证明了ARB和ARGs在铀矿中的存在，从而有助于评估和控制放射性环境中抗生素耐药性的生态风险。
Abstract
Both heavy metals and radiation could affect the proliferation and dissemination of emerging antibiotic resistance pollutants. As an environmental medium rich in radioactive metals, the profile of antibiotic resistance in uranium mine remains largely unknown. A uranium mine in Guangdong province, China was selected to investigate the distribution and influencing factors of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including intracellular ARGs (iARGs), adsorbed-extracellular ARGs (aeARGs), and free extracellular ARGs (feARGs). The result indicated that sulfonamide and tetracycline ARB could be generally detected in mining area with the absolute concentrations of 7.70 × 102–5.18 × 105 colony forming unit/g. The abundances of aeARGs in mine soil were significantly higher than those of iARGs (p < 0.05), highlighting the critical contribution of aeARGs to ARGs spread. The feARGs in mine drainage and its receiving river were abundant (3.38 × 104–1.86 × 107 copies/mL). ARB, aeARGs, and iARGs may correlate with nitrogen species and heavy metals (e.g., U and Mn), and feARGs presented a significant correlation with chemical oxygen demand (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate the occurrence of ARB and ARGs in uranium mine for the first time, thereby contributing to the assessment and control of the ecological risk of antibiotic resistance in radioactive environments.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749122003724