摘要
出身背景
对抗生素抗性基因等关键微生物功能性状的全球分布和环境驱动因素知之甚少。土壤是地球上最大的ARGs库之一，ARGs是土壤微生物竞争不可或缺的组成部分，对植物和人类健康具有潜在影响。然而，它们的多样性和全球模式仍然没有得到很好的描述。在这里，我们分析了来自各大洲1012个地点的285个ARGs，并创建了第一个包含表层ARGs分布的全球图谱。
后果
我们发现ARGs在高纬度寒冷和北方森林中达到峰值。与抗生素耐药性传播相关的气候季节性和流动遗传因素也是其全球分布的关键驱动因素。显性ARGs主要与多药耐药基因和外排泵机制有关。我们进一步确定了土壤ARGs多样性和比例的全球热点。
结论
我们的工作为更好地了解环境土壤抗生素耐药性的生态学和全球分布奠定了基础。
Abstract
Background
Little is known about the global distribution and environmental drivers of key microbial functional traits such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Soils are one of Earth’s largest reservoirs of ARGs, which are integral for soil microbial competition, and have potential implications for plant and human health. Yet, their diversity and global patterns remain poorly described. Here, we analyzed 285 ARGs in soils from 1012 sites across all continents and created the first global atlas with the distributions of topsoil ARGs.

Results
We show that ARGs peaked in high latitude cold and boreal forests. Climatic seasonality and mobile genetic elements, associated with the transmission of antibiotic resistance, were also key drivers of their global distribution. Dominant ARGs were mainly related to multidrug resistance genes and efflux pump machineries. We further pinpointed the global hotspots of the diversity and proportions of soil ARGs.

Conclusions
Together, our work provides the foundation for a better understanding of the ecology and global distribution of the environmental soil antibiotic resistome.

https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w