摘要
      水环境中的细菌抗生素耐药性日益严重，新的抗生素耐药性细菌（ARB）和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）也引起了研究人员的注意。ARGs在水环境中的水平转移被认为是自然环境中细菌耐药性的主要来源之一。水平基因转移（HGT）主要包括偶联、自然转化和转导，其中偶联研究最多。几项研究表明，有大量环境因素可能影响ARGs在水环境中的水平转移，如纳米材料、各种氧化剂和光；然而，关于ARG水平转移的检测及其影响因素的影响，目前还缺乏系统全面的综述。因此，本研究介绍了三种HGT模式，分析了目前HGT监测方法的优缺点，然后总结了各种因素对ARG水平转移的影响和机制，并重点讨论了相似因素造成不同影响的可能原因。最后，讨论了ARG在水环境中水平转移的现有研究不足和未来的研究方向。
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance in water environments is becoming increasingly severe, and new antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have also attracted the attention of researchers. The horizontal transfer of ARGs in water environments is considered one of the main sources of bacterial resistance in the natural environment. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) mainly includes conjugation, natural transformation, and transduction, and conjugation has been investigated most. Several studies have shown that there are a large number of environmental factors that might affect the horizontal transfer of ARGs in water environments, such as nanomaterials, various oxidants, and light; however, there is still a lack of systematic and comprehensive reviews on the detection and the effects of the influence factors of on ARG horizontal transfer. Therefore, this study introduced three HGT modes, analysed the advantages and disadvantages of current methods for monitoring HGT, and then summarized the influence and mechanism of various factors on ARG horizontal transfer, and the possible reasons for the different effects caused by similar factors were mainly critically discussed. Finally, existing research deficiencies and future research directions of ARG horizontal transfer in water environments were discussed.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0013935122005941