摘要
      动物粪便施用引起的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）对人类健康的威胁一直是农业界关注的焦点。在酸性土壤中施用石灰以改善土壤酸度是一种普遍的农业实践。然而，石灰在抗生素耐药性从土壤传播到植物中的作用尚不清楚。在本研究中，在酸性黑土中，以总土壤质量的0%、0.08%、0.16%和0.32%的比例（w/w）添加石灰，建立了生菜盆栽试验，以探索新鲜家禽粪便引入的ARGs在土壤-植物系统中的传播。在生菜种植60天后，采集了大量和根际土壤以及叶片样本，分别使用Illumina测序和高通量定量PCR（HT-qPCR）方法测定了这些样本中的细菌群落和抗生素耐药性。结果表明，施用石灰降低了ARGs的数量和丰度，减缓了粪肥衍生的ARGs在土壤-植物系统中的传播。在同一采样类型内，土壤、根际土壤和叶片内生菌的ARGs和细菌群落组成存在显著差异，也受到石灰的影响。结构方程模型进一步表明，石灰的添加对ARG的多样性有负面影响，而ARG多样性也受到细菌群落多样性的间接调节。这些发现表明，添加石灰可以降低ARGs在土壤中的水平和传播，并为控制动物粪便中ARGs的传播提供了一种潜在的措施。
Abstract
The threat of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) caused by animal manure application to human health has been the focus of attention in agriculture. Applying lime to acid soil for the amelioration of soil acidity is a prevailing agricultural practice. However, the role of lime on the spread of antibiotic resistome from soil to plant is unknown. In this study, a pot experiment of lettuce was established in the acid black soil with lime addition at the rate (w/w) of 0%, 0.08%, 0.16%, and 0.32% of the total soil mass to explore the transmission of ARGs introduced by the fresh poultry manure in the soil-plant system. The bulk and rhizosphere soils as well as the leaf samples were collected after lettuce was cultivated for 60 days, the bacterial community and antibiotic resistome in these samples were determined by using Illumina sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR (HT-qPCR) methods, respectively. Results showed that lime application decreased the number and abundance of ARGs and slowed down the spread of manure-derived ARGs in the soil-plant system. The ARGs and bacterial community composition were significantly varied among bulk soils, rhizosphere soils and leaf endophyte, and also influenced by lime within the same sampling types. The structural equation model further demonstrated that the lime addition had a negative effect on ARG diversity, which was also indirectly regulated by bacterial community diversity. These findings suggest that lime addition can alleviate the level and dissemination of ARGs in soils and provide a potential measure to control the spread of ARGs derived from animal manure.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722000602