摘要
      随着城市化的发展，城市固体废物转运站作为垃圾收集和运输过程中的重要环节，越来越靠近居民生活区。目前，对城市生活垃圾管理过程中产生的空气传播抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的研究仍然很少，而且不够全面。本研究采用宏基因组学和高通量测序方法，分析了三个城市生活垃圾转运站垃圾接收大厅和顶部通风口中生物气溶胶和空气中ARGs的组成和含量。检测到265种ARG亚型。主要亚型为bacA、多药转运蛋白、mexW、sul2和macB，主要类型为多药耐药基因和杆菌肽耐药基因。不同的微生物和ARGs表现出不同的释放特征，但总的来说，转运站顶部通风口的细菌和ARG浓度高于废物接收大厅，并且真菌在通过连接顶部通风口和废物接收大厅的气味处理系统时比细菌更敏感。对于ARGs，工人的每日摄入量计算为1.08 × 1010–2.79 × 1010份d− 1，环境释放量为2.88 × 109–9.49 × 109份m- 3.因此，迫切需要对空气中的ARGs和病原微生物采取控制措施，以确保工人和周围居民的健康。
Abstract
With urbanization, municipal solid waste (MSW) transfer station as an important link in the process of refuse collection and transportation is closer to residents’ living areas. At present, studies on airborne antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) generated during MSW management are still few and not comprehensive enough. In this study, metagenomics and high-throughput sequencing methods were used to analyze the composition and content of bioaerosol and airborne ARGs in the waste reception hall and the top vent of three MSW transfer stations. 265 ARG subtypes were detected. The main subtypes were bacA, multidrug_transporter, mexW, sul2 and macB, and the main types were multidrug resistance genes and bacitracin resistance genes. Different microbes and ARGs showed diverse release characteristics, but in general, the concentration of bacteria and ARGs at the top vent of the transfer station was higher than that in the waste reception hall, and fungi were more sensitive than bacteria when passing through the odor treatment system connecting between the top vent and the waste reception hall. For ARGs, daily intake of a worker was calculated to be 1.08 × 1010–2.79 × 1010 copies d− 1 and environmental release was 2.88 × 109–9.49 × 109 copies m− 3. Therefore, control measures for airborne ARGs and pathogenic microorganisms are urgently needed to ensure the health of workers and surrounding residents.

https://sustainenvironres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s42834-022-00137-8