摘要
抽象图像
由于人类、动物和农业部门过度使用抗菌药物，抗菌药物耐药性（AR）是一个严重的全球问题。人们对控制AR的传播进行了深入的研究，但对影响其传播的环境驱动因素知之甚少。尽管AR基因（ARGs）在许多不同的环境中被检测到，但这些基因传播给微生物病原体的风险尚不清楚。与受干扰较小的水生环境相比，接受人类和动物排泄物排放的水体中的休闲微生物暴露风险可能更大。在这种情况下，鼓励研究从业者考虑生态背景，以评估环境ARG对公众健康的影响。在这里，我们对近2000个地点进行了分层概率调查，以确定美国120万公里河流中人类指标I类整合子整合酶基因（intI1）和几个ARG的国家模式。东部地区和条件较差的河流中的基因浓度高于西部地区。这些关于intI1和ARG在全国分布的首次发现为帮助风险评估和实施缓解战略以保护公众健康提供了新的信息。
Abstract
Abstract Image
Antimicrobial resistance (AR) is a serious global problem due to the overuse of antimicrobials in human, animal, and agriculture sectors. There is intense research to control the dissemination of AR, but little is known regarding the environmental drivers influencing its spread. Although AR genes (ARGs) are detected in many different environments, the risk associated with the spread of these genes to microbial pathogens is unknown. Recreational microbial exposure risks are likely to be greater in water bodies receiving discharge from human and animal waste in comparison to less disturbed aquatic environments. Given this scenario, research practitioners are encouraged to consider an ecological context to assess the effect of environmental ARGs on public health. Here, we use a stratified, probabilistic survey of nearly 2000 sites to determine national patterns of the anthropogenic indicator class I integron Integrase gene (intI1) and several ARGs in 1.2 million kilometers of United States (US) rivers and streams. Gene concentrations were greater in eastern than in western regions and in rivers and streams in poor condition. These first of their kind findings on the national distribution of intI1 and ARGs provide new information to aid risk assessment and implement mitigation strategies to protect public health.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.2c00813