摘要
目标
本研究旨在调查垃圾渗滤液中抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的污染水平及其与细菌的相关性。
方法和结果
利用高效液相色谱-质谱、定量PCR和高通量测序，我们测量了中国太原垃圾填埋场渗滤液中14种抗生素和10种ARG的污染水平，并分析了细菌群落的变化以及细菌与抗生素和ARG的相关性。主要结果显示，垃圾渗滤液中的抗生素（如恩诺沙星、培氟沙星和土霉素）和ARGs（如磺酰胺类、四环素类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类和β-内酰胺抗性基因）水平较高，细菌的多样性和丰富度也较高。某些类型的抗生素与其相应的ARGs呈正相关。垃圾填埋场渗滤液中的主要细菌是假单胞菌（Pseudomonas）、Defluvitoga和Sulphimonas，它们与抗生素和ARGs相关，可能对降解它们有潜在影响。
结论
垃圾填埋场渗滤液中存在抗生素和ARG污染，而细菌与它们密切相关。
Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to investigate the contamination levels of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the landfill leachates and their correlations with the bacteria.

Methods and results
Using HPLC‐MS, quantitative PCR and high‐throughput sequencing, we measured the pollution levels of 14 antibiotics and 10 ARGs in the leachates of the landfill in Taiyuan, China, and analysed changes in the bacterial community and the correlations of bacteria with antibiotics and ARGs. The main results showed high levels of antibiotics (like enrofloxacin, pefloxacin and oxytetracycline) and ARGs (like sulfonamides, tetracycline, macrolides, quinolones and β‐lactam‐resistance genes) in the landfill leachates, along with higher diversity and richness of the bacteria. Some types of antibiotics had positive correlations with their corresponding ARGs. The dominant bacteria in the landfill leachates were Pseudomonas, Defluviitoga and Sulfurimonas, which correlated with the antibiotics and ARGs and might have potential effects on degrading them.

Conclusions
Antibiotics and ARG pollution existed in the landfill leachates, while bacteria were closely associated with them.

https://academic.oup.com/jambio/article-abstract/132/1/445/6715565?login=false