摘要
      抗生素的滥用导致抗生素耐药性细菌（ARB）和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的产生。微生物电解池（MECs）在降解抗生素领域有着广泛的应用。ARG通过单室和双室MEC中的水平转移而增加。电压作为MECs中的关键参数之一，对通过水平传输的ARGs传输有着特殊的影响。然而，很少有研究表明在抗生素和电压的暴露下，在MECs中ARGs的转移。在这项研究中，五种浓度的四环素（0、1、5、10、20 mg/L），以探索编码ARGs的质粒在MECs中从供体（大肠杆菌RP4）到受体（大肠杆菌HB101）的偶联转移频率，两个电压（1.5和2.0 五） 研究了ARGs在MECs中的结合转移频率，然后探讨了在四环素和电压的共同作用下ARGs的转移。结果表明，ARGs的偶联转移频率分别随着四环素浓度和电压的增加而显著增加（p < 0.05）。在四环素和电压的共同作用下，ARGs的偶联转移频率显著提高（p < 0.05）。电刺激诱导的氧化反应促进了MECs中活性氧物种的过量产生和供体和受体细菌的细胞膜通透性的增强。这些发现为研究ARGs在MECs中的传播提供了见解。
ABSTRACT
The abuse of antibiotics leads to the production of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) have been widely applicated in the field of degrading antibiotics. ARGs were increased via horizontal transfer in single and two-chamber MECs. As one of the critical parameters in MECs, voltage has a particular impact on the ARGs transfer via horizontal transfer. However, there have been few studies of ARGs transfer under the exposure of antibiotics and voltage in MECs. In this study, five concentrations of tetracycline (0, 1, 5, 10, 20 mg/L) were selected to explore the conjugative transfer frequency of plasmid-encoded the ARGs from the donor (E. coli RP4) to receptor (E. coli HB101) in MECs, two voltages (1.5 and 2.0 V) were used to explore the conjugative transfer frequency of ARGs in MECs, then, the transfer of ARGs in MECs under the co-effect of tetracycline and voltage was explored. The results showed that the conjugative transfer frequency of ARGs was significantly increased with the increase of tetracycline concentration and voltage, respectively (p < 0.05). Under the pressure of tetracycline and voltage, the conjugative transfer frequency of ARGs is significantly enhanced with the co-effect of tetracycline and voltage (p < 0.05). The oxidative response induced by electrical stimulation promotes the overproduction of reactive oxygen species and the enhancement of cell membrane permeability of donor and recipient bacteria in MECs. These findings provide insights for studying the spread of ARGs in MECs.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09593330.2022.2114860