摘要
      动物生产中的抗生素使用被认为是环境中抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）发生、供应和传播的主要驱动因素。养猪场和鱼塘是食用动物生产中的重要养殖系统。在这项研究中，我们比较和分析了中国最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖周围一个有代表性的养猪场和邻近鱼塘的广泛ARGs图谱、移动遗传元素（MGE）和细菌群落。还探讨了影响ARGs分布的因素。结果显示，在收集的水样中，283个目标ARG中广泛检测到ARG（从57个到110个）。从养猪场和邻近鱼塘观察到的ARG数量和相对丰度的差异表明，养猪场的ARG污染比鱼塘更严重，并且养猪场的水处理厂不是很有效。基于方差划分分析（VPA），MGE、细菌群落和水质指标（WIs）共同驱动了ARGs的相对丰度。基于网络分析，我们发现总磷和Tp614分别是影响ARG丰度的最重要的WIs和MGE。我们的研究结果提供了湖畔地区农场的基本数据，并为制定水产养殖废水排放标准提供了见解。
Abstract
Antibiotics usage in animal production is considered a primary driver of the occurrence, supply and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Pig farms and fish ponds are important breeding systems in food animal production. In this study, we compared and analyzed broad ARGs profiles, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and bacterial communities in a representative pig farm and neighboring fish ponds around Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. The factors influencing the distribution of ARGs were also explored. The results showed widespread detection of ARGs (from 57 to 110) among 283 targeted ARGs in the collected water samples. The differences in the number and relative abundance of ARGs observed from the pig farm and neighboring fish ponds revealed that ARG contamination was more serious on the pig farm than in the fish ponds and that the water treatment plant on the pig farm was not very effective. Based on the variance partition analysis (VPA), MGEs, bacterial communities and water quality indicators (WIs) codrive the relative abundance of ARGs. Based on network analysis, we found that total phosphorus and Tp614 were the most important WIs and MGEs affecting ARG abundance, respectively. Our findings provide fundamental data on farms in lakeside districts and provide insights into establishing standards for the discharge of aquaculture wastewater.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749122003943