总结
      抗生素对细菌有很强的杀灭作用，是预防和治疗细菌性传染病的首选药物。因此，它们被广泛应用于医疗领域、畜牧业和种植业。然而，随着抗生素的大量使用，出现了越来越多的抗生素耐药性细菌。由于人类肠道营养丰富，温度适宜，细菌丰度高，很容易成为ARB和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）传播的温床。当肠道中的机会性致病菌获得ARGs时，由这种机会性病原体引起的传染病将变得更加难以治疗，甚至无法治愈。因此，人体肠道中的ARB就像一颗“定时炸弹”。在这篇综述中，我们从一个健康的角度讨论了肠道ARB的来源和ARG在人类肠道中的传播途径。此外，我们描述了防止ARB出现和抑制ARG在人类肠道中传播的各种方法。最后，我们可能能够使用跨学科的“同一健康”方法来克服人类肠道中的ARB。
Summary
Antibiotics have a strong killing effect on bacteria and are the first choice for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infectious diseases. Therefore, they have been widely used in the medical field, animal husbandry and planting industry. However, with the massive use of antibiotics, more and more antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) have emerged. Because human intestines are rich in nutrients, have suitable temperature, and are high in bacterial abundance, they can easily become a hotbed for the spread of ARB and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). When opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in the intestine acquire ARGs, the infectious diseases caused by such opportunistic pathogens will become more difficult to treat, or even impossible to cure. Therefore, ARB in the human intestine are like a ‘time bomb’. In this review, we discuss the sources of intestinal ARB and the transmission routes of ARGs in the human intestine from the perspective of One Health. Further, we describe various methods to prevent the emergence of ARB and inhibit the spread of ARGs in the human intestine. Finally, we may be able to overcome ARB in the human intestine using an interdisciplinary ‘One Health’ approach.

https://ami-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1462-2920.15795