摘要
      抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的去除效率是红霉素发酵残留物（EFR）处理的最大挑战。在目前的研究中，0%（对照）、10%（T1）和30%（T2）喷雾干燥的EFR与由牛粪和玉米秸秆组成的膨胀材料一起堆肥30天。进一步研究了环境因素和细菌群落对ARGs行为的影响。除了高水平的红霉素外，T1和T2样品的电导率也分别增加了66.7%和291.7%。堆肥30天后，对照样品中的总ARGs减少了78.1%-91.2%，但T1和T2的总ARG增加了14.5-16.7%和38.5-68.7倍。在D 13和30时，与核糖体保护（erm）相关的ARGs在T1和T2样品中占主导地位，特别是ermF占总ARG的80%以上。此外，细菌群落的结果表明，EFR促进了变形杆菌和拟杆菌的生长，但抑制了放线菌、疣菌和绿弯菌的生长。网络分析显示，富集的ARGs与7个细菌属有很强的相关性，包括盐单胞菌属、大洋杆菌属和产碱菌属，其中大多数是耐盐的。最重要的是，红霉素与高盐度相结合可以对ARGs及其宿主的富集产生协同作用。
Abstract
The removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is the biggest challenge for the treatment of erythromycin fermentation residue (EFR). In the current research, 0% (control), 10% (T1), and 30% (T2) spray-dried EFR were composted with bulking materials, consisting of cattle manure and maize straw, for 30 days. Environmental factors and bacterial community on the behaviors of ARGs were further investigated. Apart from the high levels of erythromycin, the electrical conductivities were also increased by 66.7% and 291.7% in the samples of T1 and T2, respectively. After 30 days of composting, total ARGs in the samples of control were decreased by 78.1%–91.2%, but those of T1 and T2 were increased 14.5–16.7- and 38.5–68.7-fold. ARGs related to ribosomal protection (erm) dominated the samples of T1 and T2 at D 13 and 30, especially that ermF accounted for more than 80% of the total ARGs. Furthermore, the results of bacterial community revealed that EFR promoted the growth of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, but inhibited that of Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi. Network analysis revealed that the enriched ARGs had strong correlation with seven bacterial genera, including Halomonas, Oceanobacillus, and Alcaligenes, most of which are halotolerant. Above all, erythromycin combined with high salinity can have synergistic effect on the enrichment of ARGs and their hosts.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749122009605