摘要
      抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）已被确定为新出现的环境污染物，对人类健康构成相当大的风险，其普遍存在。ARGs的形成和传播主要与环境中的抗生素应激有关。ARGs的丰度也受到其他类别抗生素的影响。地理信息系统用于可视化28种ARGs的相对丰度和18种抗生素的浓度。四环素类抗生素（TCs）和磺酰胺类抗生素（SAs）的浓度随着土壤深度的增加而逐渐下降，而β-内酰胺类抗生素的浓度则呈上升趋势。结果显示，TCs在所有抗生素中所占比例最大。此外，β-内酰胺ARGs（β-RGs）的丰度随着TC和β-Ls的增加而增加。四环素ARGs（TRGs）的丰度随着所有抗生素浓度的增加而保持相对稳定，而磺酰胺ARGs的丰度呈下降趋势。尽管β-RGs的丰度随着TC和β-Ls水平的增加而显著增加。然而，β-RGs与β-Ls没有显著相关性，但与TC有显著相关性。这项研究对典型抗生素的分布与ARGs之间的相关性提供了直观而全面的见解，并分析了不同抗生素与ARG之间的协同作用或拮抗作用。减少ARGs通过食用牛奶和牛肉进入人类食物链并在其中传播的可能性，对土壤修复具有重要意义。
Abstract
The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which have been identified as emerging environmental pollutants that pose a considerable risk to human health is widespread. The formation and transmission of ARGs are mainly associated with the antibiotic stress in an environment. And the abundance of ARGs also influenced by other categories antibiotics. The geographic information system was used to visualize the relative abundance of 28 types of ARGs and concentration of 18 types of antibiotics. The concentration of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) and sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) decreased gradually with increasing soil depth, while that of β-lactams (β-Ls) showed an increasing trend. The results revealed that TCs accounted for the largest proportion of all antibiotics. Furthermore, the abundance of β-lactam ARGs (β-RGs) increased with TCs and β-Ls increased. The abundance of tetracycline ARGs (TRGs) remained relatively stable with increasing concentrations of all antibiotics, while that of sulfonamide ARGs (SRGs) showed a decreasing trend. Although the abundance of β-RGs significantly increased with increasing levels of TCs and β-Ls. However, β-RGs were not significantly correlated with β-Ls, but with TCs. This study provided visual and comprehensive insights into the correlation between the distribution of typical antibiotics and ARGs and analyzed the synergy or antagonism between different antibiotics and ARGs. It is significant for soil remediation to reduce the likelihood of ARGs entering into and spreading in the human food chain via milk and beef consumption.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651322005930