摘要
      牲畜粪便的土地施用将抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和可移动遗传元件（MGE）引入土壤环境。本研究的目的是研究径流和土壤中的阻力和流动性随后退距离（即施肥土壤和地表水之间的距离）的变化，并量化施肥和背景土壤对地表径流中ARGs和MGE的贡献。采用高通量定量聚合酶链式反应（HT-qPCR）阵列对田间小区径流和土壤中的抗性和迁移体进行了表征。据估计，需要约40m的后退距离才能将修正地块径流中ARGs和MGE的总丰度降低到控制径流中的总丰度。粪肥携带的ARGs和MGEs对后退区土壤的抗性和移动性没有影响。SourceTracker分析显示，随着后退距离的增加，背景土壤逐渐成为径流中ARGs和MGE的主要来源。结果表明，粪肥携带的ARGs和MGE如何随着后退距离的增加而在农业径流中消散，并且对后退区域内土壤的抵抗力和迁移力的影响有限。
Abstract
Land application of livestock manure introduces antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) into the soil environment. The objectives of this study were to examine the changes of resistome and mobilome in runoff and soil as a function of setback distance, i.e., the distance between manured soil and surface water, and to quantify the contributions of manure and background soil to the ARGs and MGEs in surface runoff. The resistome and mobilome in runoff and soil from a field-scale plot study were characterized using a high throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR) array. It was estimated that a setback distance of ~40 m is required to reduce the total abundance of ARGs and MGEs in runoff from amended plots to that in control runoff. The resistome and mobilome of the soil in the setback region was not affected by manure-borne ARGs and MGEs. SourceTracker analyses revealed that background soil gradually became the predominant source of the ARGs and MGEs in runoff as setback distance increased. The results demonstrate how manure-borne ARGs and MGEs dissipated in agricultural runoff with increasing setback distance and had limited impacts on the resistome and mobilome of soil within the setback region.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389422000668