摘要
      全氟辛酸（PFOA）是一种“永久性化学品”，尽管其生产和使用在全球范围内受到严格限制，但它仍在不断排放并在环境中得到缓解。由于全氟辛烷磺酸在水生环境中的转化、附着和吸附，全氟辛烷酸在沉积物、土壤和渗流区的多孔介质中积累。然而，多孔介质中微量全氟辛烷磺酸对间隙水和水安全的影响尚不清楚。在这项工作中，我们使用沙柱模拟了多孔介质层，并探讨了µg级全氟辛烷磺酸迁移对微生物群落变化、微生物功能调节以及微生物风险的产生和传播的影响。在全氟辛烷磺酸刺激60天后，变形菌门成为优势门，其丰度为91.8%，因为它携带71%的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）。同时，与卤素相关的脱氯单胞菌丰度从0.4%增加到10.6%。此外，全氟辛烷磺酸通过上调氨基酸代谢（p＜0.001）和膜转运（p＜001）来加速微生物聚集，从而显著刺激蛋白质（超过1288%）和多糖（超过4417%）的产生。更重要的是，快速形成的生物膜固定并阻断了全氟辛烷磺酸。更活跃的抗氧化系统通过显著上调甘油磷脂代谢和肽聚糖生物合成来修复受损的细胞膜。值得注意的是，全氟辛烷磺酸使多孔介质中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和人类细菌病原体（HBPs）的丰度分别增加了30%和106%。全氟辛烷磺酸增加了垂直传播ARGs（vARGs）的比例，共现网络分析（r≥0.8，p≤0.01）证实vARGs主要由HBPs介导。提供了对全氟辛烷磺酸与其微生态环境相互作用的全面了解。 
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a "forever chemical", is continuously discharged and mitigated in the environment despite its production and use being severely restricted globally. Due to the transformation, attachment, and adsorption of PFOA in aquatic environments, PFOA accumulates in the porous media of sediments, soils, and vadose regions. However, the impact of trace PFOA in the porous media on interstitial water and water safety is not clear. In this work, we simulated a porous media layer using a sand column and explored the effects of µg-level PFOA migration on microbial community alternation, microbial function regulation, and the generation and spread of microbial risks. After 60 days of PFOA stimulation, Proteobacteria became the dominant phylum with an abundance of 91.8%, since it carried 71% of the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Meanwhile, the halogen-related Dechloromonas abundance increased from 0.4% to 10.6%. In addition, PFOA significantly stimulated protein (more than 1288%) and polysaccharides (more than 4417%) production by up-regulating amino acid metabolism (p< 0.001) and membrane transport (p < 0.001) to accelerate the microbial aggregation. More importantly, the rapidly forming biofilm immobilized and blocked PFOA. The more active antioxidant system repaired the damaged cell membrane by significantly up-regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. It is worth noting that PFOA increased the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and human bacterial pathogens (HBPs) in porous media by 30% and 106%. PFOA increased the proportion of vertical transmission ARGs (vARGs), and co-occurrence network analysis (r ≥ 0.8, p ≤ 0.01) verified that vARGs were mainly mediated by HBPs. A comprehensive understanding of PFOA interactions with its microecological environment is provided.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0043135422012180