摘要
      在这项工作中，对工业规模的猪粪管理系统中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的去除进行了研究。此外，还讨论了移动遗传元件（MGE）和微生物群落结构的含义。在整个粪肥管理期间，从该系统中获得了19个ARG和7个MGE。结果表明，堆肥后，猪粪基材料中的9个ARGs和2个MGE被去除，而仍保留了5个ARGs/2个MGEs，表明堆肥不能完全去除ARGs/MGEs作为污染物。饲料中没有额外抗生素的养猪场仍然面临着来自外部的ARGs/MGE的风险。微生物群落分析表明，norank_f__JG30-KF-CM45、棒状杆菌、Terrisporobacter、Truepera、Salinispora和Clostridium丰度的大幅下降是ARGs/MGE去除的原因。包括tnpA-01、tnpA-02、tnpA-05、Tp614、tetQ、tetM-01、tetR-02、tetX、cfxA、floR、dfrA1和ermF在内的基因与真菌群落呈显著正相关。真菌群落分析证实，堆肥后曲霉菌和嗜热菌的丰度显著降低是ARGs/MGEs去除的原因。结果阐明了相关细菌和真菌群落在去除ARGs/MGEs中的关键作用。复合微生物剂有助于堆肥的温度升高，从而改变相关的微生物群落结构，从而去除ARGs/MGEs。
Abstract
In this work, the removal of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the industrial-scale pig manure management system has been investigated. Additionally, the implications of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and microbial community structure have been discussed. During the whole period of manure management, 19 ARGs and 7 MGEs were obtained from the system. The results identified that the 9 ARGs and 2 MGEs were removed from the pig manure-based materials after composting, while 5 ARGs and 2 MGEs were still remained, indicating that the ARGs/MGEs could not be removed completely as contaminants by composting. The pig farm without additional antibiotics in-feed was still faced with the risk of ARGs/MGEs from outside. Microbial community analysis illuminated that a greater decrease in the abundance of norank_f__JG30-KF-CM45, Corynebacterium, Terrisporobacter, Truepera, Salinispora and Clostridium, was responsible for the removal of ARGs/MGEs. The genes, including tnpA-01, tnpA-02, tnpA-05, Tp614, tetQ, tetM-01, tetR-02, tetX, cfxA, floR, dfrA1 and ermF exhibited significantly positive correlation with fungal communities. Fungal community analysis verified that a remarkable decrease in the abundance of Aspergillus and Thermomyces after composting was responsible for the ARGs/MGEs removal. The results elucidated the crucial roles of the related bacterial and fungal communities in the removal of ARGs/MGEs. The compound microbial agent assisted the temperature rise of composting, thereby changing the related microbial community structure and resulting in ARGs/MGEs removal.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301479722017583