摘要
      利用开发的光催化仿生人工生态系统（PCBS），研究了4种抗生素（阿奇霉素、磺胺甲恶唑、环丙沙星和四环素）和8个典型的相应抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）（包括sul1、sul2、tetX、tetM、qnrS、qnrD、ermB和16S rDNA）在城市河流中的行为和去除情况。根据AquaMats生态仿生草和2种光催化剂的混合组合，构建了4种配置的系统，即A-控制，即没有仿生草或光催化剂，B-只有仿生草，负载石墨氮化碳（g-C3N4）的C-仿生草和负载TiO2的D-仿生草，在模拟城市河流的中型循环水槽中运行。结果表明，2种光催化剂在仿生草上的最佳单位负载量为8.25g/m2。PCBS对抗生素的总体去除率在21.2%至64.4%之间，而沉积物中ARGs的去除率在0.7%至28.1%之间，水相中的去除率为1.0%至65.9%。在综合考虑目标污染物的去除效果后，配置C的系统可能是最佳选择。此外，微生物结构分析表明，变形杆菌是水相和沉积物中微生物群落中最主要的细菌物种，这表明微生物降解也是抗生素在PCBS中命运的原因。这项研究的结果表明，PCBS可用于去除城市河流中的抗生素和ARGs，并为系统内仿生草和光催化剂的组合提供了新的见解，这可能对去除至关重要。未来，用负载光催化剂的仿生草开发的PCBS可能是一种很有前途的去除城市河流中新出现污染物的技术。
Abstract
The behavior and removal of 4 antibiotics (azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline) and 8 typical corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including sul1, sul2, tetX, tetM, qnrS, qnrD, ermB and 16S rDNA in urban rivers were investigated using a developed photocatalytic-and-bionic artificial ecosystem (PCBS). According to the hybrid combinations of AquaMats eco-based bionic grass and 2 photocatalysts, the system was constructed with 4 configurations, A-the control, i.e., no bionic grass or photocatalyst, B-only bionic grass, C-bionic grass loaded with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and D-bionic grass loaded with TiO2, operated in a medium-scale running cyclical flume simulating an urban river. The results demonstrated that the optimal unit load of 2 photocatalysts on the bionic grass was 8.25 g/m2. The overall removal rates of the antibiotics ranged from 21.2% to 64.4%, while those for the ARGs varied from 0.7% to 28.1% in the sediment and 1.0%–65.9% in the aqueous phase by the PCBS. After comprehensive consideration of the removal effects of target contaminants, the system of configuration C could be the best choice. Furthermore, microbial structure analysis showed Proteobacteria were the most dominant bacterial species in the microbial communities in the aqueous phase and the sediment, indicating that microbial degradation was also responsible for the fate of antibiotics in the PCBS. The findings from this study suggested the applicability of PCBS for the removal of antibiotics and ARGs from urban rivers and provided new insights about the combination of bionic grass and photocatalysts within the system, which could be crucial in the removal. PCBS developed with bionic grass loaded with photocatalysts in the future could be a promising technology for the removal of emerging contaminants from urban rivers.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652622009404