摘要
      本综述的主要目的是评估人工湿地在污水处理过程中用于减少抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的性能。为了实现这一目标，使用公布的数据进行了统计和相关性分析，以确定运行和设计参数对CWs ARG降低的影响。分析了不同CW配置、季节性、单一栽培和混合栽培、支持介质和水力停留时间（HRT）等设计和操作参数对ARG去除的影响。对不同CW配置下ARG降低的比较表明，表面流（SF）-垂直地下流（VSSF）的混合配置实现了最高的降低，值为1.55 ulog。在这种情况下，曝气被认为是减少水煤浆中ARGs的一个重要因素，在未来的研究中应该考虑这一点。然而，统计分析表明，在不同CW配置下，ARG的降低并不显著（p>0.05）。当分析操作因素对ARG降低的影响时，观察到了相同的行为（p>0.05），本研究的结果表明，CW不是降低污水中ARG的最佳技术。将化学武器与先进的废水技术相结合，可以成为加强ARG减少和减少抗生素耐药性传播的解决方案。
Abstract
The main objective of this review is to evaluate the performance of constructed wetlands (CWs) used to reduce antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) during sewage treatment. To accomplish this objective, statistical and correlation analyses were performed using published data to determine the influence of operational and design parameters on ARG reduction in CWs. The effects of design and operational parameters, such as different CW configurations, seasonality, monoculture and polyculture, support medium, and hydraulic retention time (HRT), on ARG removals, were analyzed. A comparison of ARG reduction under different CW configurations showed that the hybrid configuration of surface flow (SF)–vertical subsurface flow (VSSF) achieved the highest reductions, with values of 1.55 ulog. In this case, aeration is considered an important factor to reduce ARGs in CWs, and it should be considered in future studies. However, statistical analyses showed that the ARG reductions under different CW configurations were not significant (p > 0.05). The same behavior was observed when the effects of operational factors on ARG reductions were analyzed (p > 0.05). The results of this study show that CWs are not optimal technologies to reduce ARGs in sewage. The combination of CWs with advanced wastewater technologies can be a solution for enhancing ARG reduction and reducing the spread of antibiotic resistance.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/14/8524