摘要
      由于抗生素对水生生态系统和人类健康的危害，各地区地表水中抗生素的出现和污染引起了广泛关注。在本研究中，我们旨在首先调查中国雄安新区39种抗生素的污染和生态风险，然后阐明抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的相对丰度及其与抗生素的相关性。包括地表水、地下水和沉积物在内的水循环系统中的抗生素浓度总和分别为12.71–260.56纳克/升、ND–196.12纳克/升和38.03–406.31纳克/克。在地表水和沉积物中，头孢菌素和喹诺酮类是主要抗生素，分别占地表水中抗生素总浓度的45%和16%，占沉积物中抗生素总含量的62%和32%；这表明两种媒体之间存在着重要的互动。抗生素浓度在<50m深度的浅层地下水中最高（平均浓度为79.22±56.46纳克/升），表明地表水可能是地下水中抗生素污染的来源。AMX在地表和地下水中的风险最高，应优先加以控制。此外，在XANA的沉积物中发现了抗生素对ARGs的选择压力，因为sulA的富集与螺旋霉素和林可霉素显著相关，而blaOXA-1的富集与罗红霉素、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星和磺胺吡啶显著相关。因此，我们的调查揭示了XANA多种环境介质中潜在的抗生素污染，应该解决这一问题，以防止更严重的污染。
Abstract
The emergence and pollution of antibiotics in surface water in various regions have drawn widespread concern because of the harm to aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this study, we aim to first investigate contamination and ecological risks of 39 antibiotics in Xiong'an New Area (XANA), China, and then illuminate relative abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their correlations with antibiotics. The sum of antibiotic concentrations in the water circulation system, including surface water, groundwater, and sediment was 12.71–260.56 ng/L, ND–196.12 ng/L, and 38.03–406.31 ng/g, respectively. In surface water and sediment, cephalosporins and quinolones were the primary antibiotics, accounting for 45% and 16% of the total antibiotic concentrations in surface water and for 62% and 32% of the total antibiotic concentrations in sediment; this suggests a significant interaction between the two media. The antibiotic concentration was the highest in shallow groundwater at depths of <50 m (mean concentration of 79.22 ± 56.46 ng/L), indicating that surface water was a possible source of antibiotic contamination in groundwater. AMX presented the highest risk in both surface and groundwater and should be controlled as a priority. Moreover, the selection pressure of antibiotics on ARGs was discovered in the sediment in XANA, because the enrichment of sulA was significantly correlated with spiramycin and lincomycin and the enrichment of blaOXA-1 was significantly correlated with roxithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and sulfapyridine. Thus, our investigation revealed potential antibiotic contamination in multiple environmental media in XANA, which should be addressed to prevent more serious pollution.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969721060897