摘要

      溪流和河流受到人类活动的广泛影响，从水文变化到点污染和非点污染。进入乳液生态系统的污染物包括药品和个人护理产品，包括抗生素，它们可能在抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的发生中发挥作用。通常，ARGs是基于细菌培养或通过使用定量聚合酶链式反应来检测的；这些方法的局限性给我们的理解造成了障碍。使用更详尽的方法，如宏基因组学，可能会克服其中的一些障碍。ARGs对公众健康和生态的影响可能是深远的，但在很大程度上研究不足。抗生素耐药性是公众健康日益关注的问题。

Streams and rivers are widely impacted by human activities ranging from hydrological modifications to point and nonpoint pollution. Among the pollutants that enter lotic ecosystems are pharmaceuticals and personal care products, including antibiotics, that may play a role in the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Oftentimes, ARGs are detected based on culturing of bacteria or by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction; the limitations of these methods create barriers to our understanding. Use of more exhaustive methods, such as metagenomics, may overcome some of these barriers. The public health and ecological impacts of ARGs may be profound but are largely understudied. Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern for public health.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0958166922002129