摘要
      抗生素耐药性已成为一个全面而复杂的环境问题。有效测定环境中各种抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的丰度具有重要意义。在这里，我们试图找到一种监测环境抗生素耐药性的实用方法。基于培养的抗生素耐药性分析和宏基因组测序结果表明，居住在城市河流（锦江）沿岸的白鹭可以作为环境抗生素耐药性的前哨。环境中的抗生素耐药性随时间波动，而野生鸟类的抗生素耐药性相对稳定。基于宏基因组测序数据的网络分析给出了ARGs的共现模式。通过量化河流沉积物中共生网络的几个模块枢纽基因，确定了河流中抗生素耐药性的总体状况。锦江中ARGs的时空分布与人类肠道特异性噬菌体（crAssphage）的时空分布高度相关，这表明锦江中抗生素耐药性的主要来源之一可能是城市污水。ARGs在不同生态位之间的移动潜力不同，这表明了抗生素耐药性在环境中的传播方向。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a comprehensive and complicated environmental problem. It is of great importance to effectively determine the abundance of various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Here, we attempted to find a practical method for monitoring environmental antibiotic resistance. The results of culture-based analysis of antibiotic resistance and metagenomic sequencing indicate that egrets inhabiting along the urban river (Jinjiang River) can be used as the sentinel of environmental antibiotic resistance. The antibiotic resistance in the environment fluctuated with time, while that in the wild bird was relatively stable. The network analysis based on metagenomic sequencing data gave the co-occurrence pattern of ARGs. The overall situation of the antibiotic resistance in the river was determined by quantifying several module hub genes of the co-occurrence network in river sediments. The temporal and spatial distribution of ARGs in Jinjiang River is highly correlated with that of human gut-specific bacteriophage (crAssphage), which indicates that one main source of the antibiotic resistance in the river is likely to be municipal sewage. The mobility potential of ARGs varying among different niches suggests the transmission direction of antibiotic resistance in the environment.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001393512201893X