摘要
      高温堆肥是一种适合农业有机废物回收利用的处理方法。然而，使用人类排泄物作为堆肥原料引起了人们对抗生素耐药性的担忧。我们分析了人类排泄物、绿色插条和秸秆的高温堆肥试验开始和结束时的样本，无论是否使用生物炭。使用qPCR对β-内酰胺酶基因blaCTX-M、blaIMP和blaTEM以及水平基因转移标记基因intI1和korB进行定量。我们在所有样本中发现了低浓度的β-内酰胺酶基因，blaCTX-M和blaTEM拷贝数的平均下降不显著，而blaIMP拷贝数的均值增加。从堆肥开始到结束，intI1和korB基因的减少表明，高温堆肥可以减少抗性基因的水平传播。因此，高温堆肥可以作为人类排泄物回收的合适处理方法。
Abstract
Thermophilic composting is a suitable treatment for the recycling of organic wastes for agriculture. However, using human excreta as feedstock for composting raises concerns about antibiotic resistances. We analyzed samples from the start and end of a thermophilic composting trial of human excreta, together with green cuttings and straw, with and without biochar. Beta-lactamase genes blaCTX-M, blaIMP, and blaTEM conferring resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics, as well as horizontal gene transfer marker genes, intI1 and korB, were quantified using qPCR. We found low concentrations of the beta-lactamase genes in all samples, with non-significant mean decreases in blaCTX-M and blaTEM copy numbers and a mean increase in blaIMP copy numbers. The decrease in both intI1 and korB genes from start to end of composting indicated that thermophilic composting can decrease the horizontal spread of resistance genes. Thus, thermophilic composting can be a suitable treatment for the recycling of human excreta.

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/308