摘要
      纳米粒子和抗生素对人类和生态系统有毒，它们不可避免地共存于污水处理厂。因此，本文研究了氧化铜纳米颗粒（CuO NPs）和环丙沙星（CIP）对好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）同时硝化、内源反硝化和除磷（SNEDPR）的共存效应和胁迫机制。5mg/L CuO NPs和5mg/L CIP的共存胁迫对养分去除产生协同抑制作用。添加CuO NPs和CIP对碳（C）、氮（N）和磷（P）的转化抑制机制是时间依赖的。此外，长期胁迫主要通过抑制磷的释放过程来抑制PO43-P的去除，而短期胁迫主要抑制磷的吸收过程。CuO NP和CIP的协同抑制作用可能是由于CuO NP与CIP共存时物理化学特性的变化。这进一步改变了长期胁迫下污泥的特性、微生物群落结构和功能代谢途径。抗性基因分析显示，与对照组相比，CuO NPs和CIP的共存胁迫诱导了qnrA（2.38倍）、qnrB（4.70倍）和intI1（3.41倍）的扩增。
Abstract
Nanoparticles and antibiotics are toxic to humans and ecosystems, and they inevitably coexist in the wastewater treatment plants. Hence, the co-existence effects and stress mechanism of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) on simultaneous nitrification, endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal (SNEDPR) by aerobic granular sludge (AGS) were investigated here. The co-existence stress of 5 mg/L CuO NPs and 5 mg/L CIP resulted in the synergistic inhibitory effect on nutrient removal. Transformation inhibition mechanisms of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) with CuO NPs and CIP addition were time-dependent. Furthermore, the long-term stress mainly inhibited PO43--P removal by inhibiting phosphorus release process, while short-term stress mainly inhibited phosphorus uptake process. The synergistic inhibitory effect of CuO NPs and CIP may be due to the changes of physicochemical characteristics under the co-existence of CuO NPs and CIP. This further altered the sludge characteristics, microbial community structure and functional metabolic pathways under the long-term stress. Resistance genes analysis exhibited that the co-existence stress of CuO NPs and CIP induced the amplification of qnrA (2.38 folds), qnrB (4.70 folds) and intI1 (3.41 folds) compared with the control group.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004565352203747X