摘要

抗生素抗性基因（ARG）是具有环境持久性的新兴微污染物。水产养殖环境被认为是ARGs污染和水平基因转移（HGT）的潜在水库。本研究分析了中国南部中山的8个养殖池塘（整合养殖：鸭鱼池塘;单养养殖：鸭池塘和鱼塘）和对照池塘（没有任何水产养殖活动）的水和沉积物。在所有的池，它们赋予对四类抗生素包括四环素（TETA，tetB，TETC，太特，tetG，tetL的，TETA-P，tetM，的tetO，四面体，tetW和tetX）电阻检测17种的ARG的，AmpC酶β-内酰胺酶产物（EBC和FOX），磺胺（sul1和sul2）和红霉素（ermA），以1类整合子（intI1）作为运动性基因。培养池塘水中检测到的ARG总浓度远高于对照（约1.6-4.0倍）。综合培养显示，ΣARGs在水中的绝对丰度最低（3.686×107拷贝mL-1），沉积物中最高（4.574×108拷贝g-1）。单养池在水中（鱼池：0.5149）和沉积物（鸭池：0.4919）表现出较高的ΣARGs相对丰度。作为主要贡献者的ARG丰度和显著相关性与Σtet，ΣARGs和intI1（P <0.01），TETA建议是为丰四环素抗性基因在这些类的水产养殖模式珠江的电位指示器三角洲。本研究为ARG在水产养殖中的丰度提供了一个案例，并为即将进行的水生环境健康风险评估提供参考。

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging micropollutants with environmental persistence. Aquaculture environments are considered as potential reservoirs for ARGs pollution and horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This study analyzed water and sediment from eight culture ponds (integrated culture: duck-fish pond; monoculture: duck pond and fish pond) and a control pond (without any aquaculture activity) in Zhongshan, South China. Seventeen types of ARGs were detected in all ponds, which conferring resistance to four classes of antibiotics including tetracycline (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetE, tetG, tetL, tetA-P,tetM, tetO, tetS, tetW and tetX), AmpC beta-lactamase products (EBC and FOX), sulfonamide (sul1 and sul2) and erythromycin (ermA), with class 1 integron (intI1) asmotility gene. The total concentrations of detected ARGs in culture pond water were much higher than control (about 1.6–4.0 times). Integrated culture showed lowest absolute abundance of ∑ARGs in water (3.686 × 107 copies mL−1) and the highest in sediment (4.574 × 108 copies g−1). Monoculture ponds showed higher relative abundance of ∑ARGs both in water (fish pond: 0.5149) and sediment (duck pond: 0.4919). As the main contributor to the ARGs abundance and significant correlations with ∑tet, ∑ARGs andintI1 (P < 0.01), tetA was suggested to be a potential indicator for the abundance of tetracycline resistance genes in these classes of aquaculture modes in the Pearl River Delta. This study provides a case for the ARGs abundance in aquaculture and as a reference for the upcoming health risk assessment in aquatic environment.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653516314886