摘要：

        “一个健康”方法表明，人、动物、植物和环境因素可以相互影响。噬菌体是一种可移动的遗传元素。喹诺酮类抗生素是一类对人类和动物健康至关重要的抗生素，监测其耐药性非常重要。本研究的目的是确定从健康小牛粪便样本中获得的噬菌体DNA片段中喹诺酮类耐药性基因的频率。在我们的研究中，包括了来自6-9个月大的小牛的50个样本，这些小牛在Sanlıurfa省被发现是健康的，没有接受任何一组抗生素治疗。从粪便的噬菌体裂解物中分离DNA样品和特异性引物分别用于qnrA、qnrB和qnrS基因。在LightCycler480上进行qPCR。尽管没有接受任何抗生素治疗，但在11头小牛身上检测到的噬菌体DNA片段中，qnrB是检测最多的基因。在一个样本中同时检测到qnrA、qnrB和qnrS喹诺酮类耐药基因，而在两个样本中一起检测到qnrB和qnrS耐药基因。我们的数据是从土耳其的一项研究中获得的，该研究旨在寻找噬菌体组分中的抗微生物耐药性基因，显示了“一个健康”方法的重要性，并确定它在从未接受过抗生素治疗的健康小牛中对喹诺酮耐药性基因脱落非常有效。已经得出结论，在喹诺酮类药物的经验性治疗中，应该注意所有的生物和
无意识地使用抗生素可能导致耐药性基因的传播超过预期
Abstract: 

The One Health approach shows that people, animals, plants, and environmental factors can affect each other. Phages are one of the
mobile genetic elements. Quinolones are a critical group of antibiotics for both human and animal health and monitoring their antimicrobial
resistance is very important. The aim of the study is to determine the frequency of the quinolone resistance gene in bacteriophage DNA
fractions obtained from healthy calf stool samples. In our study, 50 samples from 6-9 months old calves, which were found to be healthy
and not treated with any group of antibiotics in Sanlıurfa province, were included. DNA isolation was made from phage lysates of stool
samples and specific primers were used qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes. qPCR was performed on LightCycler480. Despite not receiving any
antibiotic treatment, qnrB was the most detected gene among the phage DNA fractions detected in 11 calves. While qnrA, qnrB and qnrS
quinolone resistance genes were detected together in one sample, qnrB and qnrS resistance genes were found together in two samples. Our
data, obtained from the study in Türkiye to search for antimicrobial resistance genes in phage fractions, showed the importance of the One
Health approach and determined that it was highly effective in quinolone resistance gene shedding in healthy calves that had never been
treated with antibiotics. It has been concluded that in empirical treatment with quinolone, attention should be paid to all living things and
unconscious antibiotic use may cause the spread of resistance genes more than expected

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