摘要

噬菌体（噬菌体）是我们星球上最丰富和多样的生物实体。他们感染易感细菌宿主，他们要么繁殖或坚持。在后一种情况下，噬菌体可以通过基因转移赋予宿主新的功能，从而有助于其适应（短期）和进化（长期）。在这方面，噬菌体在自然环境中的细菌宿主中传播抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的作用尚未明确解决。在此，我们对来自不同栖息地的三十三种病毒进行综合分析，以调查噬菌体是否存在ARG。我们的研究结果表明，尽管人类相关病毒不会或很少携带ARG，但非人类来源的病毒（例如猪粪，未经处理的污水以及淡水和海洋环境）含有大量的ARGs，因此指出噬菌体可以发挥作用这是抗生素耐药性传播的一部分。鉴于此，不应低估噬菌体的作用，并应在设计应对全球抗生素耐药危机的策略时考虑其作用。

Bacteriophages (phages) are the most abundant and diverse biological entities in our planet. They infect susceptible bacterial hosts into which they either multiply or persist. In the latter case, phages can confer new functions to their hosts as a result of gene transfer, thus contributing to their adaptation (short-term) and evolution (long-term). In this regard, the role of phages on the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacterial hosts in natural environments has not yet been clearly resolved. Here, we carry out a comprehensive analysis of thirty-three viromes from different habitats to investigate whether phages harbor ARGs. Our results demonstrate that while human-associated viromes do not or rarely carry ARGs, viromes from non-human sources (e.g.pig feces, raw sewage, and freshwater and marine environments) contain a large reservoir of ARGs, thus pointing out that phages could play a part on the spread of antibiotic resistance. Given this, the role of phages should not be underestimated and it should be considered when designing strategies to tackle the global crisis of antibiotic resistance.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749116323478