摘要

本研究调查了位于中国山东省的9个猪场的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的编码抗性，并通过各种农场处理过程检测了它们的潜在去除。结果表明，目标ARG广泛分布在猪粪中，平均相对丰度在猪粪中为3.3×10-5（tetC）至5.2×10-1（tetO），从7.3×10-3（tetC）至猪废水中含量为1.7×10-1（tetO）。 ARG的平均相对丰度在土壤中为9.9×10-5（tetW）至1.1×10-2（tetO），在河流沉积物中为3.1×10-4（tetW）至1.1×10-2（sul2）表明猪粪堆肥的农田施用和猪废水的排放促进了ARG向邻近环境的传播。微生物发酵床（MFB）可使相对ARG丰度减少0-1.18个对数。然而，化粪池，沼气池和自然干燥方法对去除ARG相对无效，并且一些ARGs（即tetC，tetG，sul1和sul2）的相对丰度在处理后的废物中甚至增加了0.74-3.90个对数值。细菌多样性分析表明，MFB中细菌群落的演变在消除ARG方面发挥了至关重要的作用。本研究有助于有效评估和管理养猪场的ARGs引起的生态风险。

This work investigated the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) encoding resistance to sulfonamide and tetracycline antibiotics in nine swine feedlots located in Shandong Province of China, and examined their potential removal by various on-farm treatment processes. Results indicate that the target ARGs were widely distributed in swine wastes, with mean relative abundances ranging from 3.3 × 10−5 (tetC) to 5.2 × 10−1(tetO) in swine manure and from 7.3 × 10−3 (tetC) to 1.7 × 10−1 (tetO) in swine wastewater. The mean relative ARG abundances ranged from 9.9 × 10−5 (tetW) to 1.1 × 10−2 (tetO) in soils and from 3.1 × 10−4 (tetW) to 1.1 × 10−2 (sul2) in receiving river sediments, indicating that the farmland application of swine manure compost and the discharge of swine wastewater promoted the dissemination of ARGs into adjacent environments. Microbial fermentation bed (MFB) could reduce the relative ARG abundances by 0–1.18 logs. However, septic tank, biogas digester and natural drying methods were relatively ineffective for ARG removal, and the relative abundances of some ARGs (i.e., tetC, tetG, sul1, and sul2) even increased by 0.74–3.90 logs in treated wastes. Bacterial diversity analysis indicates that the evolution of bacterial communities in the MFB played a crucial role in eliminating the ARGs. This study helps the effective assessment and management of ecological risks arising from ARGs in swine feedlots.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653516313856