摘要
      现在人们普遍担心广泛的抗生素耐药性，越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群在提供抗生素耐药性方面至关重要。蜜蜂是一种重要的传粉昆虫；蜜蜂肠道中抗生素抗性基因的发生不仅对自身健康，而且对公众和动物健康造成潜在风险，因为其潜在的传播作用，因此越来越受到公众的关注。最近的分析结果表明，蜜蜂的肠道是抗生素抗性基因的库，这可能是由于抗生素在养蜂中的应用历史和来自高度污染环境的水平基因转移。这些抗生素抗性基因在蜜蜂肠道中积累，并可能转移到病原体中，甚至有可能在授粉、照料、社交等过程中传播。新获得的抗性特征可能会导致细菌适应度降低，同时促进适应性进化。这篇综述概述了目前关于蜜蜂肠道耐药性的知识，并强调了其在抗生素耐药性传播中的作用。
Abstract
There is now general concern about widespread antibiotic resistance, and growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is critical in providing antibiotic resistance. Honeybee is an important pollinator; the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes in honeybee gut causes potential risks to not only its own health but also to public and animal health, for its potential disseminator role, thus receiving more attention from the public. Recent analysis results reveal that the gut of honeybee serves as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes, probably due to antibiotics application history in beekeeping and horizontal gene transfer from the highly polluted environment. These antibiotic resistance genes accumulate in the honeybee gut and could be transferred to the pathogen, even having the potential to spread during pollination, tending, social interactions, etc. Newly acquired resistance traits may cause fitness reduction in bacteria whereas facilitating adaptive evolution as well. This review outlines the current knowledge about the resistome in honeybee gut and emphasizes its role in antibiotic resistance dissemination.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1749-4877.12714