摘要（Abstrak）
      创伤弧菌是一种引起弧菌病的细菌，对许多抗菌药物具有耐药性。为了全面了解创伤弧菌的耐药性，选择了四个MDR分离株进行耐药性分析。基于平均核苷酸同一性（ANI）和DNA-DNA杂交（DDH），所有分离株都显示出对创伤弧菌ATCC 33147的高同一性评分。同样，多点序列分型（MLST）显示，CUVETSS48分离物在更接近两个ST（409和570）的地方发现，而其他分离物（CUVETCC1、CUVETCC2和CUVETSS2）在更接近单个ST（分别为209、426和372）的地方找到。MIC测定显示，所有分离株均对阿莫西林和硫酸粘菌素产生耐药性，但只有两个分离株（CUVETCC1和CUVETSS48）对所有测试的抗菌药物产生耐药性。参考耐药性分析，发现了多个抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs），如QnrVC1、QnrVC7、tetR、tetB和blaCTX-M-55（CUVETCC1）；tet（59）、sul2和QnrVC5（CUVETSS48）。此外，在gyrA的QRDR区域内发现了一个突变；S83I（CUVETCC1、CUVETCC2和CUVETSS48），gyrB；K87N（CUVETCC2、SS2和SS48）和parC；S80Y（CUVETCC1和CUVETCC2）。总之，本研究首次证明创伤弧菌分离株中存在blaCTX-M-55、QnrVC5抗微生物抗性基因，以及gyrA、gyrB和parC基因突变（位于83、87和80位）。多种ARGs的存在可能有助于创伤弧菌的MDR表型。
Abstract (Abstrak)
Vibrio vulnificus is a bacterium that causes vibriosis and exhibits resistance to many antimicrobials. To comprehensively understand V. vulnificus resistance, four MDRs isolates were selected for resistome analysis. Based on the Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) and DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH), all isolates showed a high identity score to the V. vulnificus ATCC 33147. Likewise, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) showed that CUVETSS48 isolate was founded closer to two STs (409 and 570), while the others (CUVETCC1, CUVETCC2, and CUVETSS2) were founded closer to a single ST (209, 426, and 372, respectively). MIC determination showed that all isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin and Colistin sulfate, but only two isolates (CUVETCC1 and CUVETSS48) were resistant to all tested antimicrobials. Referring to resistome analysis, multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were found, such as QnrVC1, QnrVC7, tetR, tetB, and blaCTX-M-55 (CUVETCC1); tet(59), sul2, and QnrVC5 (CUVETSS48). Moreover, a mutation was founded within the QRDR region of gyrA; S83I (CUVETCC1, CUVETCC2, and CUVETSS48), gyrB; K87N (CUVETCC2, SS2, and SS48), and parC; S80Y (CUVETCC1 and CUVETCC2). In conclusion, this study showed the first evidence for the presence of blaCTX-M-55, QnrVC5 anti- microbial resistance genes, as well as mutations in gyrA, gyrB, and parC genes (at positions 83, 87, and 80) among V. vulnificus isolates. The presence of multiple ARGs may contribute to the MDR phenotype of V. vulnificus.

http://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/26141/