摘要

滥用抗生素引起了抗生素耐药性的流行，这将对人类健康构成潜在风险。垃圾填埋场处理城市生活垃圾产生的渗滤液是抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的重要热点，目前尚未提出有效的现场处理措施来预防ARGs的传播。本文采用老化垃圾生物反应器去除浸出液中的抗生素和ARG，观察其去除效果。对于检测到的抗生素，总的去除效率约为76.75％，磺胺和大环内酯类被高效去除（> 80％）。在目标ARG中，四环素和大环内酯抗性基因（tetM，tetQ和ermB）被消除1.2-2.0个数量级。 ARG的发生与COD，总氮，氨氮，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐等水质参数无关，但与细菌群落结构的变化密切相关。冗余分析（RDA）表明四个属与ARGs分布之间存在显着相关性，这意味着这些关键属（包括潜在病原体）驱动了ARGs的去除。此外，水力负荷试验证实，即使在冲击负荷下，老化的垃圾生物反应器也能够实现高的去除效率，因为较高的负荷对于潜在的ARG主体的增殖是负面的。这项研究表明，老化的垃圾生物反应器可能是抗生素和ARG从现场清除渗滤液的有前途的方法。

The abuse of antibiotics has raised the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, which will pose potential risk to human health. Leachate, generated during the landfill treatment ofmunicipal solid waste, is the important hotspot of the antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and no effective on-site treatment has been put forward for preventing ARGs dissemination. Herein, the aged refuse bioreactor was employed to remove antibiotics and ARGs from leachate, and the great removal performance was observed. For the detected antibiotics, the total removal efficiency was about 76.75%, and sulfanilamide and macrolide were removed with high efficiencies (>80%). Among the target ARGs, tetracycline and macrolide resistance genes (tetM, tetQ and ermB) were eliminated with 1.2–2.0 orders of magnitude. The occurrences of ARGs did not correlated with water quality parameters such as COD, total nitrogen, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite, but closely linked to the variations of the bacterial community structure. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated the significant correlations between four genera and the distribution of ARGs, which implied that these key genera (including potential pathogens) drove the ARGs removal. Furthermore, the hydraulic loading test confirmed that the aged refuse bioreactor was capable of achieving high removal efficiencies even under shock loading for the higher loading was negative for the proliferations of potential ARGs hosts. This study suggested that aged refuse bioreactor could be a promising way for antibiotics and ARGs on-site removal from leachate.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653517304265