摘要

在这项研究中，抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的分布在韩国具有代表性的有机固体废物（OSW）中表征：食物废物回收废水（FRW），肥料和污泥。 ARG总量（基因拷贝数/ 16S rRNA基因拷贝数）在粪肥中最高，其次是污泥和FRW。有趣的是，ARGs的多样性和机制存在显着不同的模式。例如，在所有OSW中ARG的显着比例是四环素抗性基因（40.4-78.2％）。 β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药基因在FRW样本中高于其他类型的OSW，但磺胺类抗性基因在污泥中的比例最高。关于抗生素抗性机制的特征，在FRW和粪肥样品中观察到的四环素的核糖体保护机制的比例相对较高。然而，污水污泥样品中直接相互作用的四环素抗性基因相对较高。 sul1是所有OSW类型中的主要亚型，并且观察到ermB，尽管在污泥中没有检测到ermC。所有OSW中ARG亚型的发生与tetB和tetG的发生有显着相关性（P <0.01）; tetE和tetQ仅在污泥中（P <0.01）。 1类整合子整合酶基因（intI1）仅与粪肥和污泥中的总ARGs显着相关（P <0.05），揭示了这些OSW中潜在的水平基因转移。

In this research, the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was characterized in representative organic solid waste (OSW) in Korea: food waste-recycling wastewater (FRW), manure, and sewage sludge. The amounts of total ARG (gene copies/16S rRNA gene copies) was greatest in manure followed by sewage sludge and FRW. Interestingly, there were significantly different patterns in the diversity and mechanisms of ARGs. For example, a significant proportion of ARGs were tetracycline resistant genes in all the OSW (40.4–78.2%). β-lactam antibiotics resistant genes were higher in the FRW samples than in other types of OSW but sulfonamides resistant genes represented the greatest proportion in sludge. Regarding the characteristics of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, there was a relatively higher proportion of the ribosomal protection mechanism to tetracycline observed in the FRW and manure samples. However, tetracycline resistant genes with direct interaction were relatively higher in the sewage sludge samples. sul1 was the dominant subtype in all the OSW types and detection of ermB was observed although there was no ermC detected in sewage sludge. There were significant correlations between the occurrences of ARG subtypes: tetB and tetG in all OSW (P < 0.01); tetE and tetQ only in sludge (P < 0.01). The Class 1 integron-integrase gene (intI1) was significantly correlated with total ARGs only in manure and sludge (P < 0.05), revealing potential horizontal gene transfer in these OSW.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969716326535